Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
From: Patterns of peripartum depression and anxiety during the pre-vaccine COVID-19 pandemic
Characteristics | All participants | COVID + Subgroup |
|---|---|---|
Age (years; mean ± SD (n)) | 31.5 ± 4.91 (n = 316) | 31.3 ± 4.83 (n = 246) |
Gestational age at enrollment (weeks; mean ± SD) | 17.1 ± 5.43 (n = 317) | 17.2 ± 5.44 (n = 247) |
Race/Ethnicity | ||
Asian | 22 (6.9%) | 13 (5.4%) |
Black | 23 (7.3%) | 19 (7.7%) |
Hispanic/Latinx | 88 (27.8%) | 77 (31.2%) |
White | 199 (62.8%) | 149 (60.3%) |
Other | 8 (12.8%) | 7 (2.8%) |
Language | ||
English | 297 (94.3%) | 228 (93.1%) |
Spanish | 17 (5.4%) | 16 (6.5%) |
Other | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.4%) |
Region of country | ||
Midwest | 53 (17.3%) | 43 (17.9%) |
Northeast | 80 (26.1%) | 63 (26.3%) |
South | 79 (25.8%) | 67 (27.9%) |
West | 94 (30.7%) | 67 (27.9%) |
Employment status | ||
Full time paid employment | 223 (70.3%) | 173 (70.0%) |
Homemaker, childcare provider, or both (unpaid) | 26 (8.2%) | 21 (8.5%) |
Part time employment or seeking employment | 39 (12.3%) | 30 (12.1%) |
Healthcare worker or direct patient care | 99 (31.2%) | 83 (33.6%) |
Annual income ($) | ||
Less than 25,000 | 24 (7.6%) | 18 (7.03%) |
25,000–50,000 | 46 (14.5%) | 40 (16.2%) |
50,000-100,000 | 88 (27.8%) | 69 (27.9%) |
More than 100,000 | 149 (47.0%) | 112 (45.3%) |
In a significant relationship (including marriage or domestic partner) | 299 (94.3%) | 236 (95.6%) |
Heterosexual or straight | 305 (96.2%) | 237 (96.0%) |
Medical history | ||
No pre-existing conditions | 85 (26.8%) | 71 (28.7%) |
Medical co-morbidities | 98 (30.9%) | 74 (30.0%) |
Mental health co-morbidities | 84 (26.5%) | 60 (24.3%) |
Tobacco, alcohol, and/or marijuana use | 16 (5.0%) | 7 (2.8%) |
Body mass index | ||
Less than 25 | 142 (45.5%) | 102 (42.1%) |
25–30 | 93 (29.8%) | 69 (28.5%) |
30 or higher | 77 (24.7%) | 71 (29.3%) |
Nulliparity | 130 (41.0%) | 101 (40.9%) |
IVF pregnancy | 32 (10.1%) | 27 (10.9%) |
Antepartum complications | ||
Gestational diabetes | 23 (7.4%) | 19 (7.9%) |
Hypertensive disease of pregnancy | 38 (12.3%) | 32 (13.3%) |
Oligo/polyhydramnios or PPROM | 26 (8.4%) | 18 (7.5%) |
Other | 34 (11.0%) | 24 (10.0%) |
Intrapartum complications | 71 (22.6%) | 51 (20.8%) |
Gestational age at delivery (weeks; mean ± SD) | 38.6 ± 2.82 (n = 314) | 38.5 ± 3.09 (n = 245) |
Pregnancy outcome | ||
Live birth of an infant | 310 (98.7%) | 241 (98.4%) |
Abortion | 2 (0.6%) | 2 (0.8%) |
Miscarriage | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.4%) |
Death of an infant > 20 weeks | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.4%) |
NICU admission | 40 (12.6%) | 29 (11.7%) |
Infant ”roomed in” after delivery | 268 (84.5%) | 208 (84.2%) |
Hospitalized at enrollment | 7 (2.2%) | 7 (2.8%) |
Quarantined at enrollment | 193 (60.9%) | 165 (66.8%) |