Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for study screening and selection
From: Equity in prenatal healthcare services globally: an umbrella review
PICOS | Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria |
|---|---|---|
Population | - Must contain a prenatal human patient population at any stage during pregnancy from conception (0 days gestation) up to delivery - May include gender identities other than women | - Non-human prenatal patients (i.e., animal models, cell models) - Focused only on postnatal or non-pregnant human patients |
Intervention | - Any healthcare service or practice where the patient interacts with the healthcare system, that includes an outcome in relation to the target population health or healthcare experience | - Healthcare service or practice related only to contraceptives, abortion, ectopic pregnancies, and fertility - Healthcare service or practice that does not include outcomes related to target population (i.e., if it focuses on healthcare professionals only, or focused on a procedure/method and not the patient outcome) - Focus on policy or guidelines rather than healthcare service or practice interaction |
Comparison | - An alternate intervention within prenatal healthcare, or a control for no intervention, or an internal comparison of outcomes | - None |
Outcome | - Pregnancy outcomes or experience of prenatal care based on explaining how care was influenced by equity/inequity | - No prenatal population outcomes or experience - Prenatal population outcomes or experience which only stated a factual/statistical relation/association to equity/inequity |
Study Design | - Studies identified as systematic reviews or meta-analyses if they included a systematic search strategy with two or more databases, a clear inclusion criterion, and a focus on primary research studies - Published in English language - Studies must mention “equity”, “inequity”, “equitable”, or “inequitable” in their title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, or conclusion. - Published in any region or country | - Studies which are not systematic reviews - Any other review type (i.e., umbrella, scoping, narrative, integrative, critical, literature review) - Any primary studies - If “equity”, “inequity”, “equitable”, or “inequitable” is not mentioned in the body of the article |