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Table 2 Risk of specific foetal malformations with SUA and the association with the absent side

From: Diagnosis of single umbilical artery and risk of foetal congenital malformations by prenatal ultrasound: a retrospective study

Outcome

SUA

OR (95%CIs)

Absent side

(left/right/no record)

p-value

YES

NO

Tetralogy of Fallot

24

72

16.51(10.36–26.32)

11/12/1

0.76

Ventricular septal defect

55

230

12.20(9.03–16.50)

25/24/6

0.99

Hypoplastic left heart

17

75

11.14(6.56–18.94)

6/6/5

0.91

Persistent left superior vena cava

45

95

23.98(16.72–34.39)

23/17/5

0.39

Right aortic arch

9

44

9.98(4.86–20.50)

4/5/0

0.75

Double-outlet right ventricle

19

39

24.02(13.83–41.72)

12/4/3

0.06

Omphalocele

23

122

9.32(5.94–14.62)

10/12/1

0.59

Gastroschisis

2

36

2.69(0.65–11.19)

0/0/2

 

Renal agenesis

28

93

14.97(9.76–22.95)

11/16/1

0.31

Multiple cystic hypoplastic

15

109

6.75(3.92–11.62)

7/7/1

0.94

Ectopic kidney

7

87

3.92(1.81–8.47)

6/1/0

0.10

Duplex kidney

5

99

2.45(0.99–6.03)

4/1/0

0.23

Megalocystis

9

28

15.66(7.38–33.33)

4/3/2

0.74

Oesophageal atresia or stenosis

28

55

25.33(16.99–40.12)

12/13/3

0.86

Duodenal ileus or small intestine obstruction

5

87

2.79(1.13–6.89)

2/3/0

0.61

Diaphragmatic hernia

9

96

4.57(2.30–9.07)

3/5/1

0.46

Pulmonary dysplasia

5

25

9.72(3.71–25.44)

0/4/1

0.99

Cleft lip and palate

23

416

2.72(1.78–4.15)

9/11/3

0.60

Cerebellum dysplasia

18

123

7.19(4.37–11.85)

7/7/4

0.97

Holoprosencephaly

7

72

4.73(2.17–10.30)

2/3/2

0.61

Dysgenesis of the corpus callosum

8

81

4.81(2.32–9.97)

4/3/1

0.73

Encephalomeningocele

6

32

9.12(3.81–21.86)

1/3/2

0.31

Spina bifida

6

61

4.78(2.06–11.09)

2/4/0

0.44

Scoliosis

20

53

18.62(11.09–31.26)

8/11/1

0.46

Strephenopodia

19

179

5.22(3.24–8.41)

10/6/3

0.37

  1. The total sample size for no SUA was 46,924 and for yes SUA was 970;