| Not Preterm ( \(\ge\)37 wks) n = 329 | Preterm (< 37 wks) n = 47 | P-valuea |
---|---|---|---|
Maternal Characteristics at Enrollmentb | Â | Â | Â |
CRP concentration > 8 mg/L | 120 (36.5) | 25 (53.2) | 0.041* |
AGP concentration > 1 g/L | 121 (36.8) | 26 (55.3) | 0.023* |
BMI (kg/m2) | Â | Â | 0.117+ |
 Mean (SD) | 21.72 (3.55) | 22.65 (5.13) |  |
 Underweight (< 18.5) | 64 (19.5) | 12 (25.5) |  |
 Healthy weight (18.5–24.9) | 210 (63.8) | 22 (46.8) |  |
 Overweight (25.0-29.9) | 48 (14.6) | 8 (17.0) |  |
 Obese (\(\ge\)30.0 | 7 ( 2.1) | 5 (10.6) |  |
Age (years) | Â | Â | 0.234 |
 < 18 | 51 (15.5) | 3 (6.4) |  |
 18–35 | 269 (81.8) | 43 (91.5) |  |
 > 35 | 9 (2.7) | 1 (2.1) |  |
Education (years) | Â | Â | 0.102 |
 No Education | 11 (3.3) | 4 (8.5) |  |
 1–5 | 60 (18.2) | 13 (27.7) |  |
 6–10 | 191 (58.1) | 24 (51.1) |  |
 > 10 | 67 (20.4) | 6 (12.8) |  |
Parity | Â | Â | 0.013* |
 0 | 137 (41.6) | 11 (23.4) |  |
 1–2 | 164 (49.8) | 27 (57.4) |  |
 > 2 | 28 (8.5) | 9 (19.1) |  |
Household Fuel | Â | Â | 0.266 |
 Electricity/LPG | 35 (10.6) | 2 (4.3) |  |
 Dung/Wood/Charcoal/Straw/  Shrubs/Grass/Agricultural Crops | 294 (89.4) | 45 (95.7) |  |
Wealth Indexc | Â | Â | 0.174 |
 Poorest | 65 (19.8) | 11 (23.4) |  |
 Poorer | 60 (18.2) | 14 (29.8) |  |
 Middle | 64 (19.5) | 10 (21.3) |  |
 Richer | 68 (20.7) | 7 (14.9) |  |
 Richest | 72 (21.9) | 5 (10.6) |  |
Birth Outcomes and Pregnancy Characteristicsb | Â | Â | Â |
Gestational Age at Birth (weeks) |  |  | < 0.001* |
 Median (IQR) | 40 (3.0) | 35 (3.5) |  |
Birth Weight (g) |  |  | < 0.001* |
 Low Birth Weight (< 2500 g) | 70 (21.3) | 28 (59.6) |  |
Baby Sex | Â | Â | 1.000 |
 Male | 171 (52.0) | 25 (53.2) |  |
 Female | 158 (48.0) | 22 (46.8) |  |
Evidence of Maternal Hypertensive Disease | 3 (0.9) | 1 (2.1) | 1.000 |
Delivery Mode | Â | Â | 1.000 |
 C-Section | 193 (58.7) | 28 (59.6) |  |
 Vaginal | 136 (41.3) | 19 (40.4) |  |