Maternal interventions to decrease stillbirths and neonatal mortality in Tanzania: evidence from the 2017-18 cross-sectional Tanzania verbal and social autopsy study

Table 3 Association of maternal complications with three main causes of 195 early (days 0–6) neonatal deaths, Tanzania, 08/2011 to 02/2016

Early neonatal cause of death Maternal complications^a	COD^b of interest n (%)	Other CODs n (%)	X²	p
Preterm delivery	N = 28	N = 167
Antepartum hemorrhage	5 (18.8)	11 (6.6)	4.98	0.026
Any of four complications	9 (32.1)	31 (18.9)	1.84	0.175
Intrapartum-related events	N = 57	N = 138
Maternal anemia	8 (13.5)	6 (4.1)	4.85	0.028
Antepartum or intrapartum hemorrhage	16 (28.7)	34 (24.8)	0.29	0.591
Prolonged labor	22 (37.6)	41 (29.7)	0.75	0.388
Malpresentation	7 (12.7)	14 (10.6)	0.12	0.732
Cord complication	8 (13.8)	10 (7.4)	1.21	0.272
Any of eight complications	41 (70.7)	84 (61.3)	0.74	0.391
Serious infection	N = 60	N = 135
Premature rupture of membranes	5 (8.1)	4 (2.7)	4.20	0.040
Prolonged labor	21 (34.8)	41 (30.8)	0.23	0.631
Any of three complications	24 (39.3)	49 (36.6)	0.10	0.753

^aOnly complications with five or more deaths for a COD of interest are displayed in the table. Other complications included in ‘any of (four/eight/three) complications’ are: for preterm delivery: maternal anemia, maternal infection, and premature rupture of membranes; for intrapartum-related events (birth asphyxia and birth injury): maternal infection, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and maternal diabetes; for serious infection (sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis): maternal infection
^bCOD=cause of death (the causes of interest are preterm delivery, intrapartum-related events, and serious infection

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