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Table 5 Heaping index of observer-assessed, survey-reported, and register-recorded birthweights, EN-BIRTH study

From: Birthweight: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study

  

Bangladesh

Nepal

Tanzania

All sites pooled (Random effects)

Azimpur

Kushtia

Pokhara

Temeke

Muhimbili

Tertiary

District

Regional

Regional

National

Digital

Analogue

Digital

Analogue

Digital

Analogue

Digital

Analogue

Digital

Analogue

Digital

Analogue

Observation

1000 g heaping index, within 751-1249 g n = 162, (%)

*

(0.0)

(0.0)

(33.3)

(0.0)

(38.5)

*

(26.7)

(9.5)

(20.7)

(9.5)

(20.9)

1500 g heaping index, within 1251-1749 g, n = 452, (%)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(23.5)

(0.0)

(41.1)

(100.0)

(33.8)

(14.5)

(24.9)

(8.7)

(27.5)

2000 g heaping index, within 1751-2249 g, n = 1293, (%)

(2.3)

(25.9)

(0.0)

(37.4)

(0.0)

(52.7)

(33.3)

(45.5)

(15.2)

(22.4)

(6.8)

(37.1)

2500 g heaping index, within 2251-2749 g, n = 5295, (%)

(7.4)

(51.7)

(0.0)

(37.5)

(0.0)

(43.5)

(33.3)

(40.2)

(11.9)

(24.2)

(12.1)

(39.1)

3000 g heaping index, within 2751-3249 g, n = 7930, (%)

(5.6)

(49.5)

(0.0)

(39.6)

(0.0)

(44.3)

(32.6)

(46.3)

(15.1)

(23.8)

(15.1)

(40.4)

3500 g heaping index, within 3251-3749 g, n = 4678, (%)

(4.2)

(49.5)

(0.0)

(42.3)

(0.0)

(42.5)

(36.7)

(41.1)

(13.0)

(21.3)

(14.9)

(38.7)

4000 g heaping index, within 3751-4249 g, n = 993, (%)

(6.4)

(43.8)

(0.0)

(29.9)

(0.0)

(30.8)

(38.5)

(33.1)

(17.1)

(15.3)

(16.3)

(28.3)

Survey

1000 g heaping index, within 751-1249 g, n = 74, (%)

(0.0)

*

(0.0)

(28.6)

(0.0)

(47.1)

*

(0.0)

(28.6)

(29.0)

(20.6)

(30.7)

1500 g heaping index, within 1251-1749 g, n = 230, (%)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(34.6)

(0.0)

(41.7)

*

(21.4)

(25.7)

(30.0)

(16.3)

(30.7)

2000 g heaping index, within 1751-2249 g, n = 1284, (%)

(6.6)

(17.0)

(0.0)

(38.4)

(0.0)

(51.9)

(66.7)

(56.4)

(21.4)

(29.1)

(15.2)

(38.9)

2500 g heaping index, within 2251-2749 g, n = 4006, (%)

(16.9)

(68.0)

(0.0)

(46.7)

(0.0)

(46.6)

(71.4)

(51.3)

(26.4)

(33.9)

(26.5)

(49)

3000 g heaping index, within 2751-3249 g, n = 6322, (%)

(13.6)

(54.5)

(0.0)

(47.6)

(0.0)

(45.3)

(47.8)

(57.9)

(19.8)

(30.8)

(21.5)

(47.1)

3500 g heaping index, within 3251-3749 g, n = 3773, (%)

(17.8)

(65.8)

(0.0)

(50.4)

(0.0)

(46.8)

(43.3)

(52.0)

(27.0)

(30.2)

(26.6)

(48.1)

4000 g heaping index, within 3751-4249 g, n = 900, (%)

(17.8)

(56.3)

(0.0)

(34.8)

(0.0)

(30.4)

(40.0)

(37.7)

(23.4)

(21.3)

(22)

(32.7)

Register

1000 g heaping index, within 751-1249 g, n = 155, (%)

*

*

(0.0)

(12.5)

(0.0)

(31.3)

*

(35.3)

(5.6)

(28.8)

(5.6)

(28.6)

1500 g heaping index, within 1251-1749 g, n = 424, (%)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(23.4)

(0.0)

(41.7)

(100.0)

(29.2)

(21.3)

(28.7)

(16)

(28.3)

2000 g heaping index, within 1751-2249 g, n = 1187

(1.6)

(46.7)

(0.0)

(43.0)

(0.0)

(48.7)

(0.0)

(45.8)

(22.2)

(22.6)

(4.5)

(40.4)

2500 g heaping index, within 2251-2749 g, n = 4745, (%)

(5.8)

(49.1)

(0.0)

(39.2)

(0.0)

(43.4)

(36.4)

(41.5)

(15.5)

(27.1)

(15.1)

(39.7)

3000 g heaping index, within 2751-3249 g, n = 7205, (%)

(4.3)

(51.3)

(0.0)

(43.2)

(0.0)

(45.6)

(39.5)

(49.6)

(16.5)

(23.7)

(16.7)

(42.3)

3500 g heaping index, within 3251-3749 g, n = 4318, (%)

(2.7)

(46.8)

(0.0)

(43.5)

(0.0)

(44.8)

(40.9)

(42.2)

(14.3)

(22.5)

(15.5)

(39.3)

4000 g heaping index, within 3751-4249 g, n = 938, (%)

(2.9)

(25.0)

(0.0)

(31.3)

(0.0)

(28.6)

(35.7)

(32.0)

(24.4)

(16.0)

(17.7)

(26)

  1. - Undefined (n/0), *Indeterminate (0/0)
  2. Heaping index, disaggregated by type of scale, was defined as the proportion of babies with birthweights of a specific value (e.g. 2500 g) relative to the number of babies within 500 g range of this value inclusive of this value (e.g. 2251–2749). For observed birthweights, only plausible values were included. For surveys and registers, “Don’t know” and “Not recorded/Not readable” responses were excluded
  3. Further calculations are shown in Additional file 22