Table 1 Distribution of gestational weight gain across demographic characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, Puerto Rico 2005–2012 (N = 320,695)
From: Associations between gestational weight gain and preterm birth in Puerto Rico
Low (N = 87,580) | Adequate (N = 103,085) | Excessive (N = 130,030) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | OR (95% CI) | N (%) | N (%) | OR (95% CI) | |
Maternal Age (years) | |||||
< 20 | 18,322 (20.9) | 1.11 (1.08, 1.14) | 18,588 (18.0) | 21,033 (16.2) | 0.92 (0.90, 0.95) |
20–24 | 29,681 (33.9) | Ref | 33,409 (32.4) | 40,999 (31.5) | Ref |
25–29 | 20,525 (23.4) | 0.89 (0.87, 0.91) | 25,916 (25.1) | 34,984 (26.9) | 1.10 (1.08, 1.12) |
30–34 | 13,944 (15.9) | 0.84 (0.82, 0.87) | 18,594 (18.0) | 24,913 (19.2) | 1.09 (1.07, 1.12) |
≥35 | 5,093 (5.82) | 0.87 (0.84, 0.91) | 6,570 (6.37) | 8,090 (6.22) | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) |
Missing | 15 (0.02) | 8 (0.01) | 11 (0.01) | ||
Pre-pregnancy BMI | |||||
Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 10,768 (12.3) | 1.13 (1.10,1.16) | 9,923 (9.63) | 4,440 (3.41) | 0.50 (0.49, 0.52) |
Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 53,777 (61.4) | Ref | 55,922 (54.3) | 49,685 (38.2) | Ref |
Overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) | 12,380 (14.1) | 0.58 (0.56, 0.59) | 22,322 (21.7) | 44,650 (34.3) | 2.25 (2.21, 2.30) |
Obese (≥ 30 kg/m2) | 10,655 (12.2) | 0.74 (0.72, 0.76) | 14,918 (14.5) | 31,255 (24.0) | 2.36 (2.30, 2.41) |
Marital Status | |||||
Single | 30,269 (34.6) | 0.81 (0.80, 0.83) | 40,588 (39.4) | 51,220 (39.4) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) |
Married/Living Together | 57,300 (65.4) | Ref | 62,485 (60.6) | 78,799 (60.6) | Ref |
Missing | 11 (0.01) | 12 (0.01) | 11 (0.01) | ||
Education | |||||
< High School | 19,943 (22.8) | 1.19 (1.16,1.22) | 18,590 (18.0) | 21,806 (16.8) | 0.93 (0.91, 0.95) |
High School | 29,803 (34.0) | Ref | 33,056 (32.1) | 41,758 (32.1) | Ref |
>High School | 37,675 (43.0) | 0.81 (0.80,0.83) | 51,285 (49.8) | 66,286 (51.0) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) |
Missing | 159 (0.18) | 154 (0.15) | 180 (0.14) | ||
Insurance Statusa | |||||
Public | 64,239 (73.4) | 1.33 (1.31, 1.36) | 69,644 (67.6) | 86,247 (66.3) | 0.94 (0.93, 0.96) |
Private | 22,184 (25.3) | Ref | 32,118 (31.2) | 42,160 (32.4) | Ref |
Other | 921 (1.05) | 1.30 (1.18, 1.42) | 1,029 (1.00) | 1,298 (1.00) | 0.96 (0.88, 1.04) |
Missing | 236 (0.27) | 294 (0.29) | 325 (0.25) | ||
Preterm Birth | |||||
Yes | 16,722 (19.1) | 1.25 (1.22, 1.28) | 16,329 (15.8) | 23,207 (17.9) | 1.15 (1.13, 1.18) |
No | 70,858 (80.9) | Ref | 86,756 (84.2) | 106,823 (82.2) | Ref |
Birth Weight for Gestational Age | |||||
Small for Gestational Age | 11,503 (13.1) | 1.45 (1.41, 1.49) | 9,649 (9.36) | 8,674 (6.67) | 0.73 (0.70, 0.75) |
Adequate for Gestational Age | 71,905 (82.1) | Ref | 87,459 (84.8) | 108,289 (83.3) | Ref |
Large for Gestational Age | 4,143 (4.73) | 0.85 (0.81, 0.88) | 5,958 (5.78) | 13,034 (10.0) | 1.77 (1.71, 1.82) |
Missing | 29 (0.03) | 19 (0.02) | 33 (0.03) | ||