Table 1 List of variables used in analysis
Study variables | IHDS response categories | Recoded response categories |
|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | ||
Institutional Delivery “What was place of delivery for your last pregnancy?” | This variable included three categories: Government hospital, private nursing home, home. ‘Home’ used as reference category. | 0 = Home1 = Health facility |
Independent variables | ||
Number of antenatal care contacts “How many antenatal care checkups have you had during your last pregnancy?” | Number/Don’t know ‘Less than 4 contacts’ used as reference category. | 0 = Less than 4 contacts1 = 4–7 contacts2 = 8 or more contacts |
Exposure to ASHA worker | Based on whether the respondent answered yes/ ASHA worker to any of these questions: “Where did you get a pregnancy card made?”; “Did you get help from anyone for making a pregnancy card/registration?”; “Who visited you when you were pregnant?”; “Who facilitated or motivated you to go to a health facility for delivery?”; “Who arranged the transportation to take you to the health facility for delivery?”. | 0 = No1 = Yes |
Control variables | ||
Respondent’s Education | This variable included five categories: no education, primary education (pre-primary to the completion of 5th grade of schooling), secondary education (6th grade to the completion of 10th grade); Higher secondary and above higher secondary (beyond 10th grade). ‘No education’ was used as the reference category. | 0 = no education1 = primary education 2 = secondary education 3 = Higher secondary 4 = Above higher secondary (beyond 10th grade). |
Spouse’s education | Same as above | |
Caste | This variable included five categories: Forward caste (brahmins); Forward castes (excluding brahmins); Other Backward Classes; Scheduled Castes and Schedules Tribes. ‘Forward caste (Brahmin)’ was used as the reference category. | No recoding |
Religion | This variable included seven categories: Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain and Tribals. ‘Hindu’ was used as the reference category. | 0 = Hindu1 = Muslim2 = Other religions |
Place of residence | This variable included two categories: Rural, Urban ‘Rural’ was used as reference category. | No recoding |
Age at marriage | Continuous variable representing woman’s age at marriage. ‘Below 18 years’ was used a reference category. | 0 = Below 18 years 1 = 18 years and above |
Respondent’s age | Continuous variable representing respondent’s age. | No recoding |
Spouse’s age | Continuous variable representing spouse’s age. | No recoding |
Number of children | Continuous variable representing number of children born. | No recoding |
Annual Household Wage | Continuous variable representing annual household wage based on the sum of wage and salary incomes across all jobs of all individuals in the household. | No recoding |