Table 2 Association of outcome measures in women with a previous singleton or twin pregnancy

Singleton

(n = 8107)

Twin

(n = 91)

sFLT MoM

β (95% CI)

PGF MoM

β (95% CI)

Early pregnancy

Basic model

Reference

0.61 (0.45 to 0.78)*

0.55 (0.35 to 0.76)*

Confounder model

Reference

0.64 (0.48 to 0.79)*

0.56 (0.36 to 0.77)*

Mid-pregnancy

Basic model

Reference

1.06 (0.85 to 1.26)*

1.02 (0.87 to 1.17)*

Confounder model

Reference

1.10 (0.90 to 1.30)*

1.05 (0.90 to 1.20)*

Singleton

(n = 5133)

Twin

(n = 61)

Six years

Arteriolar retinal

calibre (SDS)

Venular retinal

calibre (SDS)

PWV

(m/s)

Basic model

Reference

−1.50 (−4.09 to 1.08)

1.95 (−1.51 to 5.42)

−0.21 (−0.59 to 0.18)

Confounder model

Reference

−1.43 (−6.51 to 3.65)

1.81 (−4.94 to 8.57)

−0.20 (−0.59 to 0.19)

Aortic root

diameter (mm)

Left atrial

diameter (mm)

Left ventricular

mass (g)

Fractional

Shortening

Basic model

Reference

−0.24 (−0.60 to 0.12)

0.26 (−0.24 to 0.75)

7.65 (−0.25 to 15.56)

−0.81 (−2.05 to 0.43)

Confounder model

Reference

−0.39 (−1.08 to 0.31)

0.15 (−0.72 to 1.02)

5.82 (−1.49 to 13.12)

−0.85 (−2.09 to 0.40)

SBP (mmHg)

DBP (mmHg)

Basic model

Reference

−1.92 (−5.20 to 1.37)

−2.20 (−4.77 to 0.37)

Confounder model

Reference

−1.85 (−5.04 to 1.34)

−1.97 (−4.45 to 0.50)

Singleton

(n = 4655)

Twin

(n = 53)

Ten years

IMT (mm)

Distensibility (10⁻³/kPa)

SBP (mmHg)

DBP (mmHg)

Basic model

Reference

0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02)

2.53 (−0.31 to 5.36)

−4.44 (−8.87 to −0.01)*

−2.50 (−5.37 to 0.37)

Confounder model

Reference

0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02)

2.10 (−0.67 to 4.87)

−3.38 (−7.54 to 0.78)

−1.96 (−4.75 to 0.84)