No. | Risk factor | No. studies included | RR | 95%CI | I2 | P heterogeneity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | History of GDM | 6 | 5.93 | 2.24, 15.71 | 92.90% | < 0.001 |
2 | History of stillbirth | 4 | 2.16 | 1.36, 3.43 | 36.80% | 0.191 |
3 | History of macrosomia | 12 | 1.82 | 1.31, 2.51 | 63.40% | 0.002 |
4 | Family history of DM | 16 | 1.79 | 1.42, 2.25 | 60.40% | 0.001 |
5 | History of abortion | 3 | 1.78 | 1.44, 2.19 | 0.00% | 0.852 |
6 | Age > 25 | 11 | 1.70 | 1.23, 2.36 | 39.00% | 0.089 |
7 | BMI > 25 | 9 | 1.56 | 1.20, 2.02 | 61.10% | 0.008 |
8 | Hypertension | 6 | 1.54 | 1.16, 2.05 | 0.00% | 0.854 |
9 | Multiparity | 8 | 1.38 | 1.05, 1.80 | 66.40% | 0.004 |
10 | Primigravida | 5 | 0.52 | 0.29, 0.92 | 72.80% | 0.005 |
11 | History of congenital anomaly | 3 | 1.46 | 0.44, 4.83 | 0.00% | 0.649 |
12 | HIV status | 4 | 1.14 | 0.90, 1.43 | 0.00% | 0.990 |
13 | Secondary or higher education | 8 | 0.77 | 0.63, 1.02 | 38.90% | 0.120 |
14 | Physically active | 3 | 0.36 | 0.07, 1.84 | 95.90% | < 0.001 |