Table 1 Baseline characteristics of pregnant women based on their BMI (kg/m2)
Variables | Overall | Underweight (BMI < 18.5) | Normal weight (BMI 18.5- < 23) | Overweight (BMI ≥23) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number, % | 498 | 154 (30.9) | 241 (48.4) | 103 (20.7) |
Age (years) | 20.0 (2.6) | 19.4 (2.0) | 19.7 (2.4) | 21.5 (3.4) *†|
Gestational age (weeks) | 10.1 (2.2) | 10.2 (2.2) | 10.1 (2.3) | 9.9 (2.3) |
High SES (> 10,000 BDT), % | 160 (32.1) | 48 (31.2) | 81 (33.6) | 31 (30.1) |
Weight (Kg) | 46.1 (8.5) | 38.5 (3.3) | 46.0 (4.6) * | 57.8 (7.7) *†|
Height (cm) | 149.7 (5.4) | 149.7 (5.3) | 149.7 (5.5) | 149.6 (5.5) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 20.6 (3.4) | 17.2 (0.99) | 20.5 (1.2) * | 25.8 (2.9) *†|
Waist (cm) | 76.5 (9.2) | 68.8 (5.0) | 76.5 (5.9) * | 88.1 (8.4) *†|
Hip (cm) | 90.5 (7.9) | 83.4 (4.9) | 90.7 (4.2) * | 100.8 (6.7) *†|
WHR | 0.85 (0.13) | 0.83 (0.07) | 0.84 (0.05) | 0.90 (0.25) *†|
MUAC (cm) | 23.8 (2.9) | 21.3 (1.4) | 24.0 (1.8) * | 27.2 (2.9) *†|
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 92.8 (9.3) | 90.2 (8.5) | 92.9 (9.0) * | 96.4 (10.3) *†|
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 63.2 (7.2) | 61.4 (6.0) | 62.7 (6.9) | 67.0 (7.9) *†|
Physical inactivity, % | 35 (7.0) | 3 (1.9) | 21 (8.7) * | 11 (10.7) * |
Energy (Kcal/day) | 1489.7 (175.9) | 1473.2 (175.6) | 1487.2 (173.3) | 1520.9 (180.0) |
Carbohydrate (gm) | 215.0 (35.1) | 213.7 (34.5) | 214.6 (34.0) | 217.6 (38.7) |
Protein (gm) | 52.3 (13.8) | 52.8 (13.6) | 51.8 (13.8) | 53.0 (14.3) |
Fat (gm) | 45.8 (9.4) | 44.4 (9.4) | 46.0 (9.2) | 47.8 (8.7) * |