Table 1 Case subject characteristics
CASES | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
1: “M” | 2: “C” | 3: “K” | 4: “S” | |
STUDY DATA | ||||
Study group assignment | AME | Education | AME | AME |
Number of intervention study visits prior to delivery (max of 4) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
DEMOGRAPHICS | ||||
Age | 26 | 34 | 36 | 35 |
Race & ethnicity | Non-Hispanic, White | Non-Hispanic, White | Hispanic, Other | Non-Hispanic, White |
Marital status | Married | Married | Married | Married |
Highest level of education | Bachelors | Some college | Bachelors | PhD |
OBSTETRIC & HEALTH HISTORY | ||||
Pre-pregnancy BMI | 22.6 | 20.2 | 24.7 | 30.0 |
Gestational weight gain (lbs) | 33 | 57 | 33 | 32 |
Relevant health history | Supraventricular tachycardia | Anxiety, depression (no medications) | N/A | Anxiety, depression (75 mg sertraline daily) |
Gravida status | 1 (previous spontaneous abortion in first trimester) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
PREECLAMPSIA/HYPERTENSIVE DISORDER | ||||
Classification | Preeclampsia with severe features (thrombocytopenia) | Preeclampsia without severe features | Preeclampsia without severe features | Gestational hypertension (with severe range blood pressures) |
Weeks at diagnosis | 393/7 | 366/7 | 390/7 | 374/7 |
Magnesium sulfate administration | 56.4 g over 49 h | n/a | n/a | 83.8 g over 44 h |
Placenta pathology reporta | No diagnostic abnormalities; 557 g, 75th percentile | 390 g, 10th percentile; Features of maternal vascular malperfusion | No diagnostic abnormalities; 383 g, 10th percentile | No diagnostic abnormalities; 353 g, 10th percentile |
LABOR & DELIVERY | ||||
Weeks gestation at delivery | 394/7 | 370/7 | 391/7 | 375/7 |
Onset of labor | Natural | Induced | Induced | Induced |
Augmentation of labor | Pitocin, misoprostol, foley bulb, artificial rupture of membranes | Misoprostol | Dinoprostone, Pitocin | Pitocin, misoprostol, foley bulb, artificial rupture of membranes |
Labor anesthesia | Epidural | Spinal, general | Epidural, spinal | Epidural |
Type of delivery (and indication) | Cesarean section (arrested dilation and worsening preeclampsia) | Cesarean section (fetal intolerance) | Cesarean section (fetal intolerance) | Vaginal |
Duration of labor in hospital (hours) | 36 | 15 | 25 | 24 |
Duration of second stage of labor (hours) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5 |
Total intravenous fluids during labor and postpartum (mL) | 8148 over 85 h | 6620 over 81 h | 3408 over 7 h | 6816 over 41 h |
POSTPARTUM | ||||
Maternal disposition after birth | ICU | Mother-baby unit | Mother-baby unit | Mother-baby unit |
Infant disposition after birth | NICU | Well-baby nursery | Well-baby nursery | Well-baby nursery |
Infant birthweight (g) | 3766 | 2927 | 2947 | 2580 |
Infant weight change from birthweight at hospital discharge | −7.6% | − 6.6% | − 6.1% | − 6.2% |
Infant Apgar scores 1 & 5 mins | 2, 7 | 8, 9 | 7, 9 | 6, 8 |
Maternal hospital LOS (days) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 |
Infant hospital LOS (days) | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
BREASTFEEDING | ||||
Lactation consult(s) in hospital | No | Yes (×4) | Yes (×1) | Yes (×2) |
Total volume of formula in hospital (mL) | 0 | 455 | 0 | 199 |
First at-breast feed in hospital after delivery (hours) | 1.5 | 3.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
First use of formula in hospital after delivery (hours) | N/A | 1.5 | N/A | 15.5 |
Milk expression in hospital (e.g., hand expression or pump) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Maternal perception of onset of lactogenesis II | Day 5 | Day 5 | Day 2 | Day 4 |
Breastfeeding status at 1–2 weeksb | Exclusive breastfeeding | Exclusive breastfeeding | Exclusive breastfeeding | Medium partial breastfeeding |
Breastfeeding status at 3–4 monthsb | Exclusive breastfeeding | High partial breastfeeding | Exclusive breastfeeding | Exclusive breastfeeding |