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Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of SBA use (weighted n = 10,668 in Senegal), Senegal DHS 2010

From: The relationship of women’s status and empowerment with skilled birth attendant use in Senegal and Tanzania

 

Model 1 unadjusted (bivariate)

Model 2 adjusted

Model 3 final adjusted

OR

p

CI

OR

p

CI

OR

p

CI

Independent variable

(Ref. = Primary edu)

         

 Women’s education

No education

0.355

<.001

0.303

0.415

0.888

0.199

0.741

1.064

0.972

0.758

0.809

1.167

 

Secondary or above

2.064

<.001

1.457

2.922

0.994

0.978

0.659

1.501

0.937

0.759

0.616

1.423

Control variables

          

 Age at childbirth

 

1.003

0.439

0.995

1.011

1.029

<.001

1.018

1.041

1.017

0.012

1.004

1.031

 Household wealth

(Ref. = Poorest)

         
 

Poorer

2.476

<.001

2.165

2.833

2.275

<.001

1.982

2.612

2.183

<.001

1.900

2.508

 

Middle

6.927

<.001

5.927

8.097

4.547

<.001

3.84

5.384

4.273

<.001

3.604

5.067

 

Richer

17.985

<.001

14.295

22.627

7.584

<.001

5.890

9.765

6.740

<.001

5.220

8.702

 

Richest

52.422

<.001

36.208

75.896

18.721

<.001

12.88

27.22

15.978

<.001

10.944

23.327

 Parity

(Ref. = 4th or more)

         
 

First birth

2.666

<.001

2.330

3.050

2.256

<.001

1.797

2.832

1.993

<.001

1.566

2.537

 

Second or third

1.535

<.001

1.370

1.719

1.274

0.002

1.091

1.489

1.153

0.093

0.977

1.360

 Employment

(Ref. = not employed)

1.095

0.115

0.978

1.225

0.788

<.001

0.694

0.894

0.797

<.001

0.703

0.904

 Household head

(Ref. = not head)

1.693

<.001

1.261

2.274

1.166

0.367

0.835

1.627

1.154

0.409

0.821

1.624

 Urban residence

(Ref. = rural)

10.066

<.001

8.594

11.790

3.032

<.001

2.526

3.640

2.854

<.001

2.377

3.426

 Marital relationship

(Ref. = monogamous)

         
 

Polygamous as 1st wife

0.630

<.001

0.533

0.744

0.772

0.006

0.641

0.929

0.814

0.030

0.676

0.980

 

2nd or lower

0.648

<.001

0.567

0.741

0.733

<.001

0.630

0.853

0.764

<.001

0.656

0.889

 Having son(s)

(Ref. = no living son)

0.565

<.001

0.509

0.627

0.858

0.051

0.736

1.000

0.868

0.071

0.743

1.012

 Perceived difficulty in accessing health care

0.655

<.001

0.625

0.687

0.864

<.001

0.825

0.905

0.865

<.001

0.825

0.907

 

(scored 0–4)

         

Women’s empowerment proxy measures

         

 Household decision-making power (0–3)

1.229

<.001

1.169

1.293

   

1.025

0.394

0.969

1.084

 Perception against violence (0–5)

1.306

<.001

1.271

1.342

   

1.091

<.001

1.059

1.124

 Perception for sex negotiation (0–2)

1.508

<.001

1.397

1.627

   

1.161

<.001

1.064

1.267

 Age at first marriage

1.131

<.001

1.115

1.146

   

1.027

0.002

1.010

1.044

Intercept (coefficient)

    

−1.267

<.001

  

−1.704

<.001

  

Model statistics

    

 LR (Chi-square)

  

3670.2785

3762.405

 Wald (Chi-square)

  

1303.6847

1325.9176

 DF

  

16

20

 p

  

<.001

<.001

  1. Model 1 (simple binary regression model) was assessed by each explanatory variable, and the model statistics of each model are not reported in the table. For the overall association, wald chi-square tests (from Type 3 Analysis of Effects) were assessed with education, wealth, parity, and marital relationship, showing significance at p < .001
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