Table 2 Bivariate analysis of factors associated with overweight/obesity stratified by breastfeeding at 12 months of age

Mother’s educational level

≤8 years of schooling

120

20 (16.7)

0.57 (0.36 – 0.89)

82

13 (15.9)

0.42 (0.25 – 0.70)

0.291

>8 years of schooling

229

67 (29.3)

241

92 (38.2)

Mother’s age (years)

<20

56

8 (14.3)

0.53 (0.27 – 1.03)

48

11 (22.9)

0.67 (0.39 – 1.16)

0.663

≥20

293

79 (27.0)

275

94 (34.2)

Family income (multiples of minimum wage)

<2

194

34 (17.5)

0.51 (0.35 – 0.75)

127

31 (24.4)

0.65 (0.45 – 0.92)

0.462

≥2

155

53 (34.2)

196

74 (37.8)

Mother working outside the home at time of birth

Yes

108

30 (27.8)

1.17 (0.80 – 1.72)

133

59 (44.4)

1.83 (1.34 – 2.51)

0.050

No

141

57 (23.7)

190

46 (24.2)

Genetic characteristics

Mother’s BMI

Overweight/Obesity

167

56 (30.8)

1.66 (1.13 – 2.45)

153

70 (41.2)

1.80 (1.28 – 2.53)

0.591

Underweight/Normal weight

176

31 (18.6)

170

35 (22.9)

Characteristics of the children

Type of delivery

Caesarean

151

48 (31.8)

1.61 (1.12 – 2.33)

176

75 (42.6)

2.09 (1.45 – 3.00)

0.238

Vaginal

198

39 (19.7)

147

30 (20.4)

Sex of child

Male

165

37 (22.4)

0.83 (0.57 – 1.19)

171

55 (32.2)

0.98 (0.71 – 1.34)

0.520

Female

185

50 (27.2)

152

50 (32.9)

Birth weight (grams)

<2,500

17

3 (17.6)

0.70 (0.25 – 1.98)

13

2 (15.4)

0.46 (0.13 – 1.67)

0.588

≥2,500

332

84 (25.3)

310

103 (33.2)

Gestational age

Preterm

13

2 (15.4)

0.61 (0.17 – 2.21)

13

1 (7.7)

0.23 (0.04 – 1.52)

0.366

Full term

336

85 (25.3)

310

104 (33.5)

Physical activity at school

Yes

78

26 (33.3)

1.46 (0.99 – 2.15)

101

40 (39.6)

1.35 (0.98 – 1.85)

0.825

No

268

61 (22.8)

218

64 (29.4)

Sedentary activities (>1 h/day)

Yes

320

80 (25.0)

1.04 (0.53 – 2.03)

301

100 (33.2)

1.46 (0.67 – 3.21)

0.488

No

29

7 (24.1)

23

5 (22.7)

Sport outside of school

Yes

31

11 (35.5)

1.49 (0.89 – 2.48)

48

24 (50.0)

1.70 (1.21 – 2.38)

0.539

No

318

76 (23.9)

175

81 (29.5)

Plays ball games

Yes

178

41 (23.0)

0.86 (0.59 – 1.23)

187

57 (30.5)

0.86 (0.63 – 1.18)

0.973

No

171

46 (26.9)

136

48 (35.3)

Rides a bicycle

Yes

242

59 (24.4)

0.93 (0.63 – 1.37)

226

70 (31.0)

0.86 (0.62 – 1.19)

0.714

No

107

28 (26.2)

97

35 (36.1)

Buys school meals

Yes

109

36 (33.0)

1.54 (1.07 – 2.20)

141

55 (39.0)

1.42 (1.03 – 1.94)

0.821

No

137

51 (21.5)

178

49 (27.5)