Author, yr, Country | Description of treatment arms | *Enrollment period; **duration | Sample population, N | Age (y) | Race/ethnicity | Study quality |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nutrition and Exercise Interventions | ||||||
Bertz, 2012, Sweden, in-person [30] | Intervention (I): 3 intervention arms and 1 control arm (D) dietary modifications reduce caloric intake by 500Kcal/day; (E): exercise only- exercise to achieve 45 min brisk walk 4d/week; (DE): combined diet and exercise; Control (C): Usual care | 10-14 weeks postpartum; 12 weeks | 63 lactating, overweight/obese primiparous; N = 68 | 33 | Swedish | Good |
Colleran, 2012,US, in-person [32] | Intervention (I): postpartum counseling on diet and exercise plus on-line resources; Control (C): Usual care + diet and nutrition print handouts | 4-6 weeks;16 weeks | 31 women, ≥23 years and < 37 years, singleton pregnancy | 31 | NR | Fair-to-good |
(−5.8 ± 3.5 kg) (7%) compared with the C (−1.6 ± 5.4 kg) (3%) (P = 0.03). | ||||||
Leermakers 1998, US, in-person [31] | Intervention (I): Correspondence lessons, group sessions and telephone follow-up Control (C): Usual care + informational brochure | 8 mos; 6 mos | Non-lactating postpartum women; N = 90 | 31 | 3% non-white | Fair-to-good |
O’Toole, 2003 US, in-person [36] | I: Structured diet + exercise with weekly in-person sessions x 12 wks, bi-weekly sessions x 8 wks, and monthly sessions up to 1-year | 6 wks-6 mos; 6–10 mos | Postpartum women who were overweight or obese prior to pregnancy; N = 40 | 31 | 1 AA | Good |
C: One in-person session followed by self-directed program | ||||||
Craigie 2011, United Kingdom, in-person [28] | I: Information pamphlet + two face to face counseling sessions, with telephone follow-up for reinforcement and resources C: Information pamphlet | 6-18 mos; 3 mos | Low income, overweight and obese postpartum women; N = 52 | 30 | 3 non-white participants | Fair |
Huang, 2011, Taiwan, in-person [25] | I: Individualized dietary and physical activity plans, including 6 pregnancy sessions and 3 postpartum sessions C: Usual care | 1 day; 6 mos | Pregnant and postpartum women Taiwanese women; 1 day postpartum; N = 189 | 32 | Taiwanese | Fair-to-good |
Lovelady 2000, US, in-person [37] | I: Caloric restriction and exercise intervention, including 4 exercise sessions, lasting 43 minutes with goal of 65-80% heart rate C: Usual care | 5 wks; 2.5 mos | Overweight postpartum women with BMI 25–30 kg/m2, exclusively breastfeeding; N = 40 | 32 | 3.5% AA | Fair-to-good |
Ostbye, 2009, US, in-person [29] | I: 8 healthy eating classes, 10 physical activity classes and 6 telephone counseling sessions over 9 mos. C: Usual care | 2 mos; 9 mos | Overweight or obese postpartum women; N = 450 | 31 | I: 45% AA | Good |
C:45% AA | ||||||
Davenport, 2011, US, in-person [33] | I: Diet + low intensity exercise | 8 wks; 4 mos | Overweight or obese women who retained > 5 kg after delivery; N = 60 | 33 | Intervention groups: 85-90% white | Fair-to-good |
I: Diet + moderate intensity exercise | ||||||
No AA | ||||||
C: Historical controls matched for age, BMI, and parity | Other race: NR | |||||
Exercise-only Interventions | ||||||
Zourladani, 2011, Greece [15] | I: Instructor led 1-hour exercise class with aerobic activity and strength training 3 times per wk for 12 wks. | 4-6 wks; 3 mos | Primiparous postpartum women; N = 40 | 31 | Greek | Fair |
C: No intervention | ||||||
Maturi, 2011, Iran [14] | Tailored pedometer-based walking program with baseline counseling session, cell phone and text reminders and telephone feedback; C: Usual Care | 6wks-6mos; 3 mos | Lactating, normal or overweight postpartum women; N = 66 | 25 | Iranian | Fair-to-poor |
Dewey, 1994, US [34] | I: Individually tailored and supervised aerobic activity to achieve 60-70% heart rate reserve. 45 min-5 times a wk | 6-8 wks; 3 mos | Exclusively breastfeeding postpartum women; N = 33 | 30 | No AA | Fair-to-good |
C: No intervention | ||||||
Nutrition-only Interventions | ||||||
Krummel, 2010, US [23] | I: Counseling with dietitian, and 10 facilitated discussion groups, monthly personalized feedback on self-monitoring records | 30 wks; 12 mos | Postpartum women enrolled in WIC; N = 151 | 27 | 10% non-white; | Fair-to-poor |
 | C: Self directed |  |  |  |  |  |