Barriers | Cases (inadequate PNC) | Controls (adequate PNC) | Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 202 | n = 406 | |||
n (%) | n (%) | |||
Total n1(denominator) | Total n1(denominator) | |||
Negative attitudes toward pregnancy | ||||
Unplanned pregnancy | 79 (39.5) | 32 (7.9) | 7.54 | 4.77 – 11.93 |
n = 200 | n = 406 | |||
Considering abortion | 53 (26.4) | 7 (1.7) | 20.03 | 8.83 – 45.40 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Unaware of pregnancy | 49 (24.4) | 8 (2.0) | 16.07 | 7.48 – 34.54 |
n = 201 | n = 405 | |||
Unhappy about pregnancy | 32 (15.9) | 8 (2.0) | 9.41 | 4.25 – 20.87 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Wanted to hide pregnancy | 37 (18.4) | 5 (1.2) | 16.90 | 6.72 – 42.51 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Negative attitudes toward prenatal care | ||||
Go to emergency room or OB triage unit when problems occur | 72 (35.8) | 30 (7.4) | 7.09 | 4.41 – 11.40 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Receive advice about pregnancy from family/friends | 90 (44.8) | 37 (9.1) | 8.26 | 5.30 – 12.87 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Can take care of self during pregnancy | 103 (51.2) | 25 (6.2) | 15.79 | 9.68 – 25.75 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Did not think you needed PNC | 50 (24.9) | 3 (0.7) | 45.65 | 13.93 – 149.58 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Afraid of/do not like medical tests and exams | 51 (25.4) | 8 (2.0) | 17.30 | 7.93 – 37.76 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Do not like needles or medications | 56 (27.9) | 15 (3.7) | 10.39 | 5.65 – 19.09 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Dissatisfied with care received | 32 (16.0) | 13 (3.2) | 5.79 | 2.96 – 11.32 |
n = 200 | n = 406 | |||
Do not like health care workers | 14 (7.0) | 5 (1.2) | 6.28 | 2.18 – 18.07 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Forgot appointment | 102 (50.7) | 63 (15.5) | 5.97 | 4.00 – 8.89 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Psychosocial stress | ||||
Under stress | 110 (54.7) | 38 (9.4) | 11.55 | 7.47 – 17.84 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Depressed | 65 (32.3) | 18 (4.4) | 10.15 | 5.81 – 17.73 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Personal problems | 79 (39.3) | 23 (5.7) | 10.85 | 6.52 – 18.06 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Not thinking straight | 55 (27.4) | 9 (2.2) | 17.10 | 8.16 – 35.82 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Did not feel well | 97 (48.3) | 69 (17.0) | 4.67 | 3.18 – 6.86 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Family problems | 71 (35.3) | 12 (3.0) | 18.01 | 9.41 – 34.45 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Did not feel good about self | 48 (23.9) | 13 (3.2) | 9.57 | 5.03 – 18.19 |
n = 201 | n = 405 | |||
Problems with husband/boyfriend | 40 (19.9) | 10 (2.5) | 9.23 | 4.51 – 18.89 |
n = 201 | n = 396 | |||
Physically abused by husband or boyfriend | 11 (5.5) | 2 (0.5) | 11.44 | 2.51 – 52.21 |
n = 200 | n = 396 | |||
Worried about risk of baby being apprehended by Child and Family Services | 42 (20.9) | 5 (1.2) | 20.75 | 8.11 – 53.07 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Structural | ||||
Unaware of where to go for PNC | 53 (27.0) | 32 (8.1) | 4.17 | 2.58 – 6.72 |
n = 196 | n = 394 | |||
Could not get an appointment | 54 (27.8) | 29 (7.3) | 4.85 | 2.97 – 7.93 |
n = 194 | n = 398 | |||
Long wait to get an appointment | 78 (40.2) | 41 (10.3) | 5.77 | 3.75 – 8.89 |
n = 194 | n = 398 | |||
Appointment cancelled by clinic | 21 (11.1) | 26 (6.5) | 1.76 | 0.96 – 3.21 |
n = 189 | n = 399 | |||
Clinic hours inconvenient | 32 (16.8) | 32 (8.1) | 2.30 | 1.37 – 3.89 |
n = 190 | n = 396 | |||
Had to wait too long in waiting room to see provider | 65 (35.3) | 86 (21.6) | 1.99 | 1.35 – 2.93 |
n = 184 | n = 398 | |||
Didn’t think you could communicate with staff | 21 (11.0) | 27 (6.8) | 1.68 | 0.92 – 3.06 |
n = 191 | n = 396 | |||
Did not like staff attitudes | 22 (11.6) | 29 (7.3) | 1.68 | 0.94 – 3.00 |
n = 189 | n = 399 | |||
Lack of Personal and Economic Resources | ||||
Child care problems | 59 (41.3) | 18 (8.3) | 7.58 | 4.21 – 13.66 |
n = 143 | n = 217 | |||
Transportation problems | 92 (48.4) | 49 (12.6) | 6.44 | 4.26 – 9.74 |
n = 190 | n = 390 | |||
Moving a lot | 45 (22.4) | 10 (2.5) | 11.01 | 5.45 – 22.22 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Were or are homeless | 14 (7.0) | 3 (0.7) | 9.93 | 2.82 – 34.94 |
n = 201 | n = 406 | |||
Inability to take time off work | 6 (9.1) | 18 (6.1) | 1.64 | 0.61 – 4.41 |
n = 66 | n = 293 | |||
Miscellaneous | ||||
Did not want to be examined by a man | 62 (31.0) | 32 (7.9) | 5.19 | 3.25 – 8.28 |
n = 200 | n = 404 | |||
Fear of crime near the home or clinic | 21 (10.4) | 16 (3.9) | 2.87 | 1.46 – 5.64 |
n = 201 | n = 406 |