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Table 2 Associations between maternal pregnancy-related anxiety and children’s RWG.

From: Maternal pregnancy-related anxiety and children’s physical growth: the Ma’anshan birth cohort study

Time of maternal prenatal anxiety

RWG(0–12 months)

 

RWG(0–24 months)

 

RWG(0–36 months)

OR (95% CI)

P-value

 

OR (95% CI)

P-value

 

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Model 1

        

 First trimester

0.97(0.78,1.21)

0.803

 

1.01(0.80,1.27)

0.937

 

1.02(0.81,1.27)

0.891

 Second trimester

0.81(0.68,0.98)

0.025

 

0.89(0.73,1.08)

0.224

 

0.94(0.78,1.13)

0.506

 Third trimester

0.80(0.67,0.97)

0.020

 

0.91(0.75,1.11)

0.354

 

0.95(0.79,1.15)

0.588

 At least one trimester during pregnancy

0.89(0.75,1.05)

0.168

 

0.97(0.81,1.16)

0.719

 

1.00(0.84,1.19)

0.968

 New-onset anxiety in the Second trimester

0.68(0.50,0.92)

0.011

 

0.69(0.50,0.96)

0.025

 

0.84(0.62,1.14)

0.259

 New-onset anxiety in the Third trimester

0.85(061,1.20)

0.365

 

1.12(0.78,1.60)

0.548

 

1.09(0.76,1.55)

0.655

 Both Second and Third trimesters

0.72(0.58,0.90)

0.004

 

0.81(0.64,1.02)

0.074

 

0.91(0.72,1.14)

0.387

Model 2

        

 First trimester

0.98(0.76,1.25)

0.849

 

1.03(0.79,1.34)

0.844

 

1.02(0.79,1.32)

0.858

 Second trimester

0.81(0.66,1.00)

0.047

 

0.92(0.73,1.15)

0.463

 

0.95(0.77,1.18)

0.644

 Third trimester

0.81(0.65,0.99)

0.048

 

0.96(0.77,1.21)

0.743

 

1.01(0.81,1.26)

0.936

 At least one trimester during pregnancy

0.85(0.70,1.03)

0.106

 

0.96(0.77,1.18)

0.668

 

1.00(0.81,1.22)

0.975

 New-onset anxiety in the Second trimester

0.60(0.43,0.84)

0.003

 

0.62(0.42,0.90)

0.013

 

0.78(0.55,1.12)

0.181

 New-onset anxiety in the Third trimester

0.90(0.61,1.33)

0.595

 

1.29(0.85,1.96)

0.239

 

1.30(0.86,1.95)

0.218

 Both Second and Third trimesters

0.71(0.55,0.91)

0.007

 

0.82(0.62,1.09)

0.172

 

0.92(0.71,1.20)

0.533

Model 3

        

 First trimester

0.99(0.77,1.26)

0.934

 

1.01(0.77,1.32)

0.951

 

1.00(0.78,1.30)

0.980

 Second trimester

0.81(0.66,1.00)

0.048

 

0.91(0.72,1.14)

0.395

 

0.94(0.75,1.16)

0.556

 Third trimester

0.81(0.65,1.00)

0.049

 

0.94(0.75,1.19)

0.610

 

1.00(0.80,1.25)

0.993

 At least one trimester during pregnancy

0.87(0.71,1.05)

0.150

 

0.93(0.75,1.15)

0.487

 

0.97(0.79,1.19)

0.794

 New-onset anxiety in the Second trimester

0.61(0.43,0.85)

0.004

 

0.58(0.39,0.85)

0.005

 

0.76(0.53,1.09)

0.131

 New-onset anxiety in the Third trimester

0.94(0.64,1.39)

0.768

 

1.23(0.80,1.88)

0.350

 

1.27(0.84,1.93)

0.255

 Both Second and Third trimesters

0.71(0.55,0.91)

0.007

 

0.80(0.60,1.06)

0.117

 

0.91(0.70,1.19)

0.482

  1. Model 1: adjusted for maternal age, residence, race, family monthly income per capita, maternal education level, father’s education level, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, father’s BMI, parity, maternal metabolic dysfunctions, alcohol use, and tobacco use during pregnancy
  2. Model 2: adjusted for covariates in model 1 + birth weight, gestational age, children’s sex
  3. Model 3: adjusted for covariates in model 2 + breastfeeding duration, main caregivers before 3 years, average outdoor activity time, parenting style score, and children’s diet