From: Maternal and neonatal outcomes in mothers with diabetes mellitus in Qatari population
Variables | GDM n/N (%) | Unadjusted Odds ratio (OR) | 95% CI for OR | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mother’s Age (years) | ||||
<30 | 463/2658 (17.4%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
≥30 | 797/2385 (33.4%) | 2.38 | 2.09, 2.71 | <0.0001 |
Body Mass Index (BMI) | ||||
Normal weight (19-24.99) | 71/437 (16.2%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
Overweight (25-29.99) | 278/1463 (19%) | 1.21 | 0.91, 1.61 | 0.192 |
Obese (≥30) | 910/3125 (29.1%) | 2.12 | 1.62, 2.76 | <0.0001 |
Type of Delivery | ||||
Vaginal Delivery | 751/3166 (23.7%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
Cesarean Section | 447/1563 (28.6%) | 1.29 | 1.12, 1.48 | <0.0001 |
Instrumental Delivery | 62/314 (19.7%) | 0.79 | 0.59, 1.06 | 0.113 |
Gestational Age (weeks) | ||||
<37 | 155/583 (26.6%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
≥37 | 1105/4460 (24.8%) | 0.91 | 0.75, 1.11 | 0.342 |
Gender | ||||
Male | 663/2632 (25.2%) | 1.0(reference) | ||
Female | 597/2411 (24.8%) | 0.98 | 0.86, 1.11 | 0.726 |
Placental Weight (gm) | ||||
<650 | 448/1904 (23.5%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
≥650 | 806/3122 (25.8%) | 1.13 | 0.99, 1.29 | 0.069 |
Birth Weight (gm) | ||||
<2500 | 120/603 (19.9%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
≥2500 | 1140/4438 (25.7%) | 1.39 | 1.13, 1.72 | 0.002 |
Macrosomia | ||||
No | 1200/4878 (24.6%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
Yes | 60/163 (36.8%) | 1.79 | 1.29, 2.47 | <0.0001 |
Bodyweight to Gestational Age | ||||
AGA | 1061/4141 (25.6%) | 1.0(reference) | ||
SGA | 127/744 (17.1%) | 0.60 | 0.49, 0.73 | <0.0001 |
LGA | 72/146 (49.3%) | 2.82 | 2.03, 3.94 | <0.0001 |
Major Congenital Anomalies | ||||
No | 1252/5005 (25%) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
Yes | 8/38 (21.1%) | 0.80 | 0.37, 1.75 | 0.575 |