Characteristics | Mothers with ANC and card (n = 3923) n (%) | Mothers without ANC or card (n = 346) n (%) | Chi-squared test p value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||
≤ 19 | 565 (90.0) | 63 (10.0) | 0.144 |
20–29 | 1.878 (92.7) | 147 (7.3) | |
30–39 | 1.365 (91.6) | 125 (8.4) | |
≥ 40 | 115 (91.3) | 11 (8.7) | |
Maternal education (complete years of schooling) | |||
0–4 | 337 (85.5) | 57 (14.5) | <0.001 |
5–8 | 985 (89.7) | 113 (10.3) | |
9–11 | 1.388 (94.9) | 75 (5.1) | |
12 + | 1.213 (92.3) | 101 (7.7) | |
Marital status | |||
Without partner | 535 (86.4) | 84 (13.6) | <0.001 |
With partner | 3.388 (92.8) | 262 (7.2) | |
Skin color | |||
White | 2.824 (92.5) | 230 (7.5) | 0.086 |
Black | 586 (90.2) | 64 (9.8) | |
Other | 513 (90.8) | 52 (9.2) | |
Family income (quintiles) | |||
Lowest/first | 759 (88.5) | 99 (11.5) | |
Second | 784 (91.8) | 70 (8.2) | <0.001 |
Third | 802 (93.6) | 55 (6.4) | |
Fourth | 803 (93.7) | 54 (6.3) | |
Highest/fifth | 774 (91.9) | 68 (8.1) | |
Type of delivery | |||
Normal | 1.378 (91.2) | 133 (8.8) | 0.217 |
C-section | 2.545 (92.3) | 213 (7.7) | |
Parity | |||
Primiparous | 1.977 (93.5) | 137 (6.5) | <0.001 |
≥ 2 children | 1.945 (90.3) | 209 (9.7) | |
ANC consultation by same professional | |||
Yes | 2.074 (93.4) | 147 (6.6) | 0.059 |
No | 1.849 (94.8) | 102 (5.2) | |
Type of health care provider | |||
Public | 1.372 (98.6) | 20 (1.4) | 0.175 |
Private | 1.203 (97.6) | 30 (2.4) | |
Others | 472 (97.9) | 10 (2.1) |