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Table 2 Reproductive health outcomes regressed on adverse childhood experiences

From: Adverse childhood experiences and poor birth outcomes in a diverse, low-income sample

 

Any pregnancy loss (n = 1848)

Any preterm birth (n = 1823)

Any low birthweight (n = 1837)

Model 1

OR

(95% CI)

Model 2

OR

(95% CI)

Model 1

OR

(95% CI)

Model 2

OR

(95% CI)

Model 1

OR

(95% CI)

Model 2

OR

(95% CI)

Age

1.07**

(1.05–1.09)

1.07**

(1.05–1.08)

1.08**

(1.05–1.10)

1.08**

(1.05–1.10)

1.06**

(1.03–1.08)

1.06**

(1.03–1.08)

Race/Ethnicity1

 American Indian

0.65

(0.41–1.02)

0.66

(0.42–1.04)

0.63

(0.35–1.12)

0.64

(0.36–1.14)

0.53

(0.28–1.00)

0.55

(0.29–1.03)

 Caucasian

0.93

(0.71–1.22)

0.94

(0.72–1.23)

0.83

(0.60–1.16)

0.85

(0.61–1.19)

0.60*

(0.42–0.85)

0.61*

(0.43–0.87)

 Hispanic

0.70*

(0.51–0.96)

0.69*

(0.51–0.95)

0.51*

(0.34–0.77)

0.51*

(0.34–0.77)

0.49*

(0.32–0.74)

0.48

(0.32–0.74)

 Other race/ethnicity

0.65

(0.37–1.12)

0.63

(0.36–1.09)

0.67

(0.34–1.32)

0.67

(0.34–1.31)

0.75

(0.38–1.47)

0.73

(0.37–1.42)

Any postsecondary education

1.05

(0.83–1.32)

1.05

(0.83–1.32)

0.73*

(0.54–0.99)

0.73*

(0.54–0.98)

0.84

(0.61–1.16)

0.84

(0.61–1.16)

Total ACE score

1.12**

(1.08–1.17)

 

1.07**

(1.01–1.12)

 

1.08**

(1.03–1.15)

 

1 or 2 ACEs

 

0.93

(0.66–1.31)

 

1.22

(0.79–1.89)

 

0.98

(0.62–1.56)

3 or 4 ACEs

 

1.27

(0.89–1.80)

 

1.29

(0.82–2.02)

 

1.22

(0.76–1.96)

5 or more ACEs

 

1.80**

(1.28–2.52)

 

1.46

(0.95–2.26)

 

1.39

(0.88–2.19)

  1. Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI Confidence interval. *p < .05; **p < .01