Intimate partner violence identified through routine antenatal screening and maternal and perinatal health outcomes

Table 4 Associations between self-reported fear of partner or ex-partner and post-natal depression, birth outcomes, and breast feeding behaviours in South Western Sydney and Sydney Local Health Districts in 2014 (N = 17,564)

				Complete case			Multiple imputation.
	n	N	%	OR (95% CI) (a)	P value	OR (95% CI) (b)	P value	OR (95% CI) (a)	P value	OR (95% CI) (b)	P value
Postnatal depressive symptom
Fear of partner or ex-partner
No	822	28,679	2.9	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Yes	37	394	9.4	3.51 (2.49–4.96)	< 0.001	3.53 (2.50–5.00)	< 0.001	4.06 (2.94–5.59)	< 0.001	4.04 (2.93–5.58)	< 0.001
Low birth weight (< 2500 g)
Fear of partner or ex-partner
No	1631	35,996	4.5	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Yes	37	497	7.4	1.69 (1.21–2.38)	0.002	1.58 (1.12–2.22)	0.009	1.79 (1.36–2.35)	< 0.001	1.65 (1.25–2.17)	< 0.001
Gestational age (< 37 weeks)
Fear of partner or ex-partner
No	4314	35,823	12.0	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Yes	81	495	16.4	1.43 (1.12–1.82)	0.004	1.38 (1.08–1.76)	0.009	1.52 (1.21–1.91)	< 0.001	1.45 (1.15–1.82)	0.002
No early initiation of breast feeding
Fear of partner or ex-partner
No	3185	31,166	10.2	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Yes	71	423	16.8	1.77 (1.37–2.29)	< 0.001	1.67 (1.28–2.17)	< 0.001	1.83 (1.46–2.30)	< 0.001	1.63 (1.29–2.06)	< 0.001
Non-EBF at discharge.
Fear of partner or ex-partner
No	3642	34,288	10.6	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Yes	78	458	17.0	1.73 (1.35–2.21)	< 0.001	1.60 (1.24–2.06)	< 0.001	1.92 (1.53–2.40)	< 0.001	1.69 (1.33–2.13)	< 0.001
Non-EBF at first post-natal visit.
Fear of partner or ex-partner
No	4672	30,996	15.1	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
Yes	83	417	19.9	1.40 (1.10–1.78)	0.006	1.27 (0.99–1.64)	0.060	1.68 (1.36–2.08)	< 0.001	1.45 (1.16–1.81)	< 0.001

Notes: (a): Unadjusted Odds Ratio (b): Adjusted for maternal age, socio-economic status, Indigenous status, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, body mass index, history of antenatal problems, antenatal depression, and intervention during birth

ISSN: 1471-2393