Table 2 Prevalence of major birth defect, ORs and 95% CIs of subfertile men compared with fertile men for major birth defects within IVF (n = 31,834 cycles)
Type of major birth defect | IVF | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | ||
Fertile men (n = 28,671) | Subfertile men (n = 3163) | |||
Any major anomaly | 273 (0.95) | 40 (1.26) | 1.33 (0.82 to 2.15) | 1.35 (0.83 to 2.20) |
Cardiovascular | ||||
Ventricular septal defect | 57 (0.20) | 11 (0.35) | 1.75 (0.87 to 3.51) | 1.73 (0.86 to 3.51) |
Atrial septal defect | 9 (0.03) | 4 (0.13) | 4.03 (1.11 to 14.6) | 3.98 (1.12 to 14.1) |
Tetralogy of Fallot | 11 (0.04) | 2 (0.06) | 1.65 (0.38 to 7.09) | 1.64 (0.38 to 7.00) |
Musculoskeletal | ||||
Omphalocele | 1 (0.00) | 1 (0.03) | 9.07 (0.56 to 147.9) | – |
Gastroschisis | 2 (0.01) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Diaphragmatic hernia | 4 (0.01) | 1 (0.03) | 2.27 (0.23 to 22.1) | 2.44 (0.24 to 24.9) |
Polydactyly | 25 (0.09) | 2 (0.06) | 0.72 (0.17 to 3.07) | 0.72 (0.17 to 3.10) |
Syndactyly | 9 (0.03) | 0 (0.0) | – | – |
Urogenital | ||||
Hypospadiasa | 4 (0.01) | 3 (0.09) | 6.77 (1.99 to 23.1) | 6.85 (2.05 to 22.9) |
Gastrointestinal | ||||
Alimentary atresiab | 15 (0.05) | 1 (0.03) | 0.60 (0.08 to 4.73) | 0.61 (0.08 to 4.80) |
Esophageal atresia | 6 (0.02) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Atresia of small intestine | 2 (0.01) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Rectal and large intestinal atresia | 7 (0.02) | 1 (0.03) | 1.30 (0.15 to 11.2) | 1.34 (0.16 to 11.5) |
Central nervous system | ||||
Anencephaly | 23 (0.08) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Spina bifida | 8 (0.03) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Orofacial | ||||
Cleft lip with and without cleft palate | 18 (0.06) | 2 (0.09) | 1.51 (0.46 to 4.99) | 1.56 (0.48 to 5.07) |