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Table 1 The rate of preeclampsia and giving birth to a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant by maternal characteristics

From: Elevated diastolic blood pressure until mid-gestation is associated with preeclampsia and small-for-gestational-age birth: a population-based register study

Maternal characteristics

Numbers

Preeclampsia

SGA births

%

p-value

%

p-value

BPa early gestation

  

< 0.001

 

0.049

 Normal

56,491

3.0

 

3.0

 

 Stage 1 hypertensionb

7996

7.0

 

3.4

 

BMIc early gestation (kg/m2)

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

  < 18.5

1994

2.7

 

4.8

 

 18.5–24.9

44,024

2.9

 

3.0

 

 25–29.9

11,473

4.5

 

2.7

 

  ≥ 30

4025

7.1

 

3.3

 

 Missing

2974

3.3

 

3.2

 

Age (years)

  

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

  < 25

9144

3.3

 

3.0

 

 25–29

20,368

3.4

 

2.7

 

 30–34

23,763

3.2

 

2.9

 

  ≥ 35

11,199

4.4

 

3.8

 

 Missing

16

6.3

 

6.3

 

Height (cm)

  

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

  < 164

20,609

3.8

 

4.5

 

 164–171

28,915

3.5

 

2.6

 

  ≥ 172

14,477

2.9

 

1.7

 

 Missing

489

2.9

 

3.5

 

Cohabitation status

  

0.975

 

0.105

 Living with partner

58,990

3.5

 

3.0

 

 Not living with partner

4815

3.5

 

3.6

 

 Missing

685

3.5

 

3.4

 

In vitro fertilization

  

0.003

 

0.320

 Yes

4437

4.3

 

3.2

 

 No

60,053

3.4

 

3.0

 

Prior miscarriages (number)

  

0.022

 

0.022

  ≤ 2

63,822

3.5

 

3.0

 

  ≥ 3 (recurrent)

668

5.1

 

4.0

 

Smokingd

  

0.088

 

< 0.001

 Yes

2626

2.7

 

5.2

 

 No

61,330

3.5

 

2.9

 

 Missing

534

3.6

 

2.6

 

Country of birth

  

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

 Sweden

41,392

3.7

 

2.6

 

 Other Nordic countries

875

3.9

 

3.0

 

 Outside Nordic region

12,551

2.8

 

4.3

 

 Missing

9672

3.4

 

3.3

 
  1. aBP: Blood pressure. bStage 1 hypertension, in early gestation: Systolic BP 130–139 mmHg or diastolic BP 80–89 mmHg before 16 weeks, cBMI Body mass index, dDaily smoking in early gestation. P-values were calculated with chi-square test