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Table 1 Baseline maternal data, for time of early pregnancy (week 8–12), for pregnant women with either pregestational (PDM) type 1 (T1DM), or type 2 diabetes (T2DM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or without diabetes in Kronoberg

From: Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by diabetes, and control pregnancies, in Kronoberg, Sweden

Maternal data

T1DM

T2DM

P

PDM

GDM

P

Diabetes

No Diabetes

P

N

37

11

 

48

97

 

145

135

 

Maternal age (years)

29.8 ± 5

33.5 ± 6

0.06

30.7 ± 6

32 ± 5

0.30

31.3 ± 5

31.1 ± 5

0.73

Pregestational BMI (kg/ m2)

26.7 (17–44)

34 (18–44)

0.005

28.3 (17–44)

29.7 (16–59)

0.11

29.3 ± 7

25.4 ± 4

0.0001

Multiparous

21 (57%)

8 (73%)

0.49

29 (60%)

66 (67%)

0.46

95 (66%)

81 (60%)

0.39

Previous miscarriages

12 (32%)

4 (36%)

1.0

16 (33%)

*

*

*

43 (32%)

0.76a

Previous GDM

2 (5.4%)

7 (64%)

0.0001

9 (19%)

*

*

*

*

*

Duration of diabetes (years)

15 ± 8.1

6 ± 6.3

0.001

13 ± 8.5

*

*

*

*

*

Caucasian

36 (97%)

9 (82%)

0.11

43 (94%)

66 (67%)

0.002

110 (76%)

126 (93%)

0.0001

Smoking

4 (11%)

4 (36%)

0.07

8 (17%)

17 (18%)

1.0

25 (17%)

6 (4.4%)

0.001

Employed

23 (62%)

2 (18%)

0.04

25 (52%)

54 (56%)

0.89

79 (55%)

89 (67%)

0.11

Physical activity ≥1 times/week

28 (76%)

9 (82%)

0.28

31 (65%)

35 (37%)

0.001

66 (46%)

56 (48%)

0.18

Gestational weight gain ≥8 kg

33 (89%)

7 (70%)

0.16

40 (85%)

57 (63%)

0.006

97 (70%)

108 (85%)

0.005

Other endocrine disease (thyroid or adrenalb)

   

9 (21%)

   

6 (4.4%)

< 0.0001a

  1. T1DM type1 diabetes mellitus, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, PDM pregestational diabetes mellitus, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus
  2. *Information regarding parity, previous miscarriages, previous GDM and duration of diabetes was not available for the GDM group. Figures are either mean ± SD; median (min-max) or n (%). aComparison PDM vs no diabetes. badrenal = primary adrenal insufficiency