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Table 3 Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and P-values from multivariate Cox proportional hazard models showing the risk of early childbearing according to selected background and proximate factors in the 2000–2005 cohort in Ethiopia

From: Adolescent childbearing trends and sub-national variations in Ethiopia: a pooled analysis of data from six surveys

 

Cumulative probability (%) of early childbearing 2000–2005 (all women)

Model 1a (all women)

Model 2a (all women)

Model 3a (women married before age 20 years)

Adjusted HR

p-value

Adjusted HR

p-value

Adjusted HR

p-value

Region

 Addis Ababa (ref)

9.6

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

 Tigray

35.9

3.5

0.000

2.08

0.000

1.48

0.008

 Afar

54.5

3.06

0.000

1.64

0.004

1.19

0.282

 Amhara

35.9

2.68

0.000

1.41

0.025

0.96

0.814

 Oromia

40.4

3.38

0.000

1.87

0.000

1.41

0.014

 Ethiopia-Somali

49.0

2.44

0.000

1.75

0.001

1.41

0.038

 Benishangul-Gumuz

58.9

4.93

0.000

2.23

0.000

1.56

0.014

 SNNP

31.9

2.7

0.000

1.95

0.000

1.49

0.006

 Gambela

57.1

6.27

0.000

2.44

0.000

1.79

0.010

 Harari

40.4

3.64

0.000

1.89

0.000

1.29

0.082

 Dire Dawa

26.6

2.72

0.010

1.9

0.021

1.49

0.113

Residence

 Urban (ref)

18.8

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

 Rural

45.4

1.13

0.401

0.92

0.442

0.98

0.827

Education

 No education (ref)

56.2

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

 Primary

36.0

0.5

0.000

0.77

0.000

0.78

0.000

 Secondary or higher

11.6

0.18

0.000

0.48

0.000

0.58

0.000

Wealth

 Poorest (ref)

49.6

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

 Poor

49.8

0.95

0.496

0.95

0.446

0.94

0.311

 Medium

46.7

1.0

0.974

0.98

0.770

0.95

0.526

 Rich

34.9

0.74

0.005

0.92

0.289

0.91

0.251

 Richest

18.3

0.72

0.026

0.85

0.124

0.83

0.074

Marital status

 Married before age of 18 years (ref)

80.3

  

1.0

 

1.0

 

 Married at age of 18 years

46.1

  

0.4

0.000

0.39

0.000

 Married at age of 19 years

16.2

  

0.22

0.000

0.22

0.000

 Did not marry before age of 20 years

4.8

  

0.05

0.000

  

Contraceptive used before age of 20 years

 No (ref)

26.1

    

1.0

 

 Yes

54.9

    

1.25

0.000

  1. aModels adjusted for survey year and current age of the women; HR = adjusted hazard ratio; ref. = reference category