Prevalence of and risk factors associated with sexual health issues in primiparous women at 6 and 12 months postpartum; a longitudinal prospective cohort study (the MAMMI study)

Table 3 Mode of birth as a risk factor for sexual health issues at 6 and 12 months postpartum

	6 months postpartum					12 months postpartum
	n/total	%	Unadjusted OR	95% CI	p value	n/total	%	Unadjusted OR	95% CI	p value
Dyspareunia
Spontaneous vaginal birth	108/279	38.7	1.0 (ref.)			60/280	21.4	1.0 (ref.)
Vacuum birth	83/163	50.9	1.6	1.1–2.4	0.013*	47/164	28.7	1.5	0.9–2.3	0.086
Forceps birth	30/89	33.7	0.8	0.5–1.3	0.397	18/96	18.8	0.8	0.4–1.5	0.577
Elective CS	16/66	24.2	0.5	0.3–0.9	0.03*	10/64	15.6	0.7	0.3–1.4	0.3
Emergency CS	61/181	33.7	0.8	0.5–1.2	0.277	31/181	17.1	0.8	0.5–1.2	0.258
Lack of vaginal lubrication
Spontaneous vaginal birth	122/285	42.8	1.0 (ref.)			93/286	32.5	1.0 (ref.)
Vacuum birth	83/166	50	1.3	0.9–2.0	0.139	63/164	33	1.3	0.9–1.9	0.206
Forceps birth	36/92	39.1	0.9	0.5–1.4	0.535	33/96	34.4	1.1	0.7–1.8	0.738
Elective CS	22/65	33.8	0.7	0.4–1.2	0.187	20/64	31.3	0.9	0.5–1.7	0.845
Emergency CS	77/181	42.5	1.0	0.7–1.4	0.955	69/185	37.3	1.2	0.8–1.8	0.287
Loss of interest in sexual activity
Spontaneous vaginal birth	145/285	50.9	1.0 (ref.)			112/286	39.2	1.0 (ref.)
Vacuum birth	88/165	53.3	1.1	0.7–1.6	0.615	69/165	41.8	1.1	0.8–1.6	0.579
Forceps birth	40/95	42.1	0.7	0.4–1.2	0.139	40/96	41.7	1.1	0.7–1.8	0.664
Elective CS	25/67	37.3	0.6	0.3–1.0	0.047	29/65	44.6	1.2	0.7–2.1	0.419
Emergency CS	73/181	40.3	0.6	0.4–0.9	0.027*	63/179	35.2	0.8	0.6–1.2	0.391

ISSN: 1471-2393