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Table 3 Association between the socioeconomic levels of rural Chinese women’s region of residence and folic acid use

From: Socioeconomic inequality in periconceptional folic acid supplementation in China: a census of 0.9 million women in their first trimester of pregnancy

Economic Indicator

Number of Participants N (%)

Use of folic acid N (%)

Crude odds ratio (95%C.I.)

Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)

Per Capita Gross Regional Product

 low

492,823 (54.62)

378,439 (76.79)

1.00

1.00

 middle

307,224 (34.05)

222,529 (72.43)

0.79 (0.79,0.80)

0.60 (0.60,0.61)

 high

95,980 (10.64)

75,199 (78.35)

1.09 (1.08,1.11)

0.67 (0.65,0.69)

 higher

6243 (0.69)

6148 (98.48)

19.56 (15.97,23.96)

12.20 (9.54,15.61)

Per capita net income of farmer households

 low

548,559 (60.80)

415,483 (75.74)

1.00

1.00

 middle

295,584 (32.76)

217,328 (73.52)

0.89 (0.88,0.90)

1.15 (1.13,1.17)

 high

46,316 (5.13)

38,893 (83.97)

1.68 (1.64,1.72)

1.64 (1.56,1.72)

 higher

11,811 (1.31)

10,611 (89.84)

2.83 (2.67,3.01)

1.95 (1.74,2.18)

Per Capita Consumption Expenditure of Rural Households

 low

694,268 (76.95)

521,143 (75.06)

1.00

1.00

 middle

183,353 (20.32)

139,780 (76.24)

1.07 (1.05,1.08)

1.07 (1.04,1.09)

 high

24,550 (2.72)

21,322 (86.85)

2.19 (2.11,2.28)

1.85 (1.79,1.90)

 higher

99 (0.01)

70 (70.71)

0.80 (0.52,1.24)

Per Capita Cash Consumption Expenditure of Health Care and Medical Services of Rural Households

 low

601,828 (66.70)

450,871 (74.92)

1.00

1.00

 middle

231,476 (25.65)

175,694 (75.90)

1.06 (1.04,1.07)

1.05 (1.03,1.06)

 high

59,237 (6.57)

46,889 (79.15)

1.27 (1.25,1.30)

1.07 (1.04,1.10)

 higher

9729 (1.08)

8861 (91.08)

3.42 (3.19,3.67)

1.82 (1.61,2.05)