Table 2 Outcomes of twins according to mothers’ gestational weight gain
Neonatal Outcome | All Participants (N = 1482) | Below IOM aGWG (N = 402) | Within IOM aGWG (N = 640) | Above IOM aGWG (N = 440) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) b | N (%) b | N (%) b | N (%) b | P value c | |
SGA <10th percentile | 343 (23.2) | 121 (30.1) | 135 (21.1) | 87 (19.8) | 0.004 |
SGA <5th percentile | 193 (13.0) | 69 (17.2) | 85 (13.3) | 39 (8.9) | 0.005 |
LBW <2500 g | 603 (40.7) | 204 (50.8) | 244 (38.1) | 155 (35.2) | <0.001 |
LGA >90th percentile | 31 (2.1) | 5 (1.2) | 11 (1.7) | 15 (3.4) | 0.22 |
Birth weight, g, median (IQR) | 2603 (2260, 2885) | 2475 (2100, 2765) | 2653 (2290, 2905) | 2637 (2356, 2910) | <0.001 |
Apgar score < 7 at 5 min | 39 (2.6) | 13 (3.3) | 10 (1.6) | 16 (3.7) | 0.16 |
Umbilical cord pH <7.10 | 33 (2.7) | 10 (2.9) | 15 (2.8) | 8 (2.2) | 0.84 |
Respiratory distress | 148 (10.0) | 46 (11.4) | 53 (8.3) | 49 (11.1) | 0.27 |
Hypoglycemia | 160 (10.8) | 43 (10.7) | 71 (11.1) | 46 (10.5) | 0.96 |
NICU admission | 555 (37.5) | 170 (42.3) | 230 (35.9) | 155 (35.2) | 0.21 |
NICU length of stay, days, median (IQR) | 11 (2, 20) | 13 (2, 23) | 10 (2, 19) | 11 (1, 20) | 0.10 |