Incidence of immediate postpartum hemorrhages in French maternity units: a prospective observational study (HERA study)

Table 5 Non-pharmaceutical curative second-line procedures performed for PPH

Non-pharmaceutical procedures	Vaginal delivery and PPH n = 3488 %	Cesarean and PPH n = 719 %	Crude RR^f [95 % CI]	p value
Manual uterine examination	80.0	-	-	-
Intrauterine balloon	0.9	1.0	1.06 [0.47–2.39]	.9
Radiologic artery embolization	2.9	10.0	3.46 [2.58–4.63]	<.0001
Surgical procedures^a	42.6	25.5	0.60 [0.52–0.68]	<.0001
B-Lynch suture	0.3	3.9	-	-
Ho Cho suture	0.1	3.5	-	-
Hypogastric arterial ligation	0.3	6.5	-	-
Other vessel ligation	0.5	10.3	-	-
Cervical suture	3.0^b	0.7	-	-
Suture of a vaginal laceration	39.9	2.5	-	-
Hysterectomy	0.4	5.6	-	-
Repair of uterine wound closure	-	2.8	-	-
Evacuation of hematoma of the abdominal wall	0	0.7	-	-
Other surgery	0.3^c	6.1^d	-	-
Transfusion of packed red blood cells	12.7	44.4	3.5 [3.11–3.95]	<.0001
Maternal death	0.03^e	0	-	-

^aRegardless of the type of surgical procedure
^bAmong women with a cervical laceration, we note 3 emergency hysterectomies
^cCorresponds to 8 uterine ruptures sutured without a hysterectomy and one traction rotation of the cervix with forceps
^dCorresponds to 3 uterine ruptures sutured without a hysterectomy and 6 sutured bladder lacerations ; 2 laparotomies with ablation of clots without active bleeding ; 1 laparatomy for a retroperitoneal hematoma, and a ruptured hepatic adenoma ; 2 laparotomies with reoperation of the uterus and evacuation of intrauterine clots
^eOne maternal death
^fCesareans vs. vaginal deliveries

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