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Table 2 Description of medical data of women who had a PPH

From: Incidence of immediate postpartum hemorrhages in French maternity units: a prospective observational study (HERA study)

Women with PPH

Vaginal delivery and PPH

n = 3488

% [mean ± SD]

Cesarean and PPH

n = 719

% [mean ± SD]

p value

Delivery at term (weeks)

[39.7 ± 2.2]

[38.3 ± 3.1]

<.0001

Singletons

96.8

87.7

<.0001

Women’s age

  < 18 years

0.8

0.1

<.0001

 18–35 years

83.5

70.7

  ≥ 35 years

15.7

29.2

Hemoglobin before delivery (mL)

n = 3335

[11.9 ± 1.1]

n = 699

[11.7 ± 1.2]

<.0001

Lowest postpartum hemoglobin (mL)

n = 3169

[9.0 ± 1.6]

n = 690

[8.2 ± 1.6]

<.0001

Total estimated blood loss (mL)

n = 3398

[895 ± 460]

N = 663

[1513 ± 816]

-

Estimated blood lossa

 Bag and/or aspiration and/or drains

n = 3465

90.4

n = 711

79.4

<.0001

 Weighed

n = 3466

15.4

n = 710

20.7

.0005

 Subjective measurement

n = 3464

21.5

n = 710

38.9

<.0001

Active management of third stage of laborb

n = 3469

79.8

n = 703

90.7

<.0001

  1. aTo participate in the study, blood loss had to be estimated visually but additional modes of estimation used in the maternity units were also considered. The estimate of blood loss could requires various combined methods of measurement, such as aspiration and the weighing of compresses during a cesarean
  2. bActive management of the third stage of labor was defined as the use of uterotonic agents after childbirth. It was performed in 73.7 % of the cesareans with PPH immediately after birth and in 25.6 % of cases after delivery of the placenta. In vaginal deliveries, active management of the third stage of labor began at the emergence of the anterior shoulder in 91.5 % of cases, immediately after birth in 7.3, and in 0.9 % of cases after placental delivery