Table 1 Comparisons of demographic and clinical features of primipara
From: Path model of antenatal stress and depressive symptoms among Chinese primipara in late pregnancy
Variables | Without depressive symptoms (SDS < 50) n = 209 (71.6 %) | With depressive symptoms (SDS ≥ 50) n = 83 (28.4 %) | t-test or Chi-square | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or Mean (SD) | ||||
Age (y) | 24.47 (2.67) | 23.31 (2.54) | 3.380 | 0.001 |
Weeks of pregnancy | 34.75 (2.49) | 34.60 (2.36) | 0.466 | 0.641 |
No. of miscarriages | 0.66 (0.64) | 0.95 (0.89) | -3.144 | 0.002 |
Education levels (y) | 10.93 (2.29) | 10.53 (2.42) | 1.331 | 0.184 |
Medical expenses | 4.544 | 0.103 | ||
Medicaid insurance | 136 (65.1) | 43 (51.8) | ||
Self-payment | 73 (34.9) | 40 (48.2) | ||
Maternal health status | 4.775 | 0.029 | ||
Good | 192 (91.8) | 69 (83.1) | ||
General | 17 (8.2) | 14 (16.9) | ||
Menstruation history | 10.133 | 0.001 | ||
Regular | 174 (83.2) | 55 (66.2) | ||
Irregular | 35 (16.8) | 28 (33.8) | ||
Antenatal health check | 0.850 | 0.356 | ||
Regular | 199 (95.2) | 81 (97.5) | ||
Irregular | 10 (4.8) | 2 (2.5) | ||
Fetus health worries | 3.560 | 0.059 | ||
Yes | 180 (86.1) | 78 (93.9) | ||
No | 29 (13.9) | 5 (6.1) | ||
Partner relationship | 5.706 | 0.017 | ||
Good | 162 (77.5) | 53 (63.8) | ||
General | 47 (22.5) | 30 (10.3) | ||
Desired fetus sex worries | 0.320 | 0.572 | ||
Yes | 25 (11.9) | 8 (9.6) | ||
No | 184 (88.1) | 75 (90.4) | ||
Preparedness of delivery | 12.738 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 168 (80.3) | 50 (60.2) | ||
No | 41 (19.7) | 33 (39.8) | ||
Financial strain | 7.071 | 0.008 | ||
Yes | 34 (16.2) | 25 (30.1) | ||
No | 175 (83.8) | 58 (69.9) | ||
Pregnancy-related stress (total PPS score) | 13.62 (9.49) | 19.09 (10.94) | -4.250 | <0.001 |
Anxiety (total SAS score) | 30.55 (6.05) | 34.22 (7.34) | -4.385 | <0.001 |
Coping styles by SCSQ | ||||
Active coping | 1.65 (0.82) | 1.30 (0.55) | 3.524 | <0.001 |
Passive coping | 1.00 (0.48) | 0.96 (0.48) | 0.793 | 0.429 |
Social support (total SSRS score) | 42.50 (14.92) | 38.66 (6.71) | 2.253 | 0.025 |