|
Demographics and personal characteristics
|
Initiated breastfeeding (N = 580)
|
Did not initiate breastfeeding (N = 136)
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Age at delivery, y
| | | |
|
Mean (SD)
|
30.15(5.28)
|
28.82(5.16)
|
0.008
|
|
Marital Status
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
Married
|
443(84.5)
|
81(15.5)
| |
|
Partnered
|
94(80.3)
|
23(19.7)
| |
|
Single
|
43(57.3)
|
32(42.7)
| |
|
Educational Status
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
High School or Less
|
104(66.2)
|
53(33.8)
| |
|
2-year College/Technical
|
182(79.8)
|
46(20.2)
| |
|
College Graduate
|
214(86.3)
|
34(13.7)
| |
|
Graduate School
|
80(96.4)
|
3(3.6)
| |
|
Race
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
White
|
510(82.9)
|
105(17.1)
| |
|
Non-White
|
70(69.3)
|
31(30.7)
| |
|
Household Income ($)
| | | |
|
Mean (SD)
|
74,510.35(38,687.18)
|
59,934.49(32,599.82)
|
<0.001
|
|
Occupation
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
Blue Collar
|
70(69.3)
|
31(30.7)
| |
|
Clerical
|
209(75.5)
|
68(24.5)
| |
|
Professional
|
297(89.5)
|
35(10.5)
| |
|
Total # hours worked
| | |
0.454
|
|
Mean (SD)
|
37.97(8.68)
|
38.58(7.96)
| |
|
Employer Provides Paid Leave Policy
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.040
|
|
No
|
119(75.3)
|
39(24.7)
| |
|
Yes
|
455(82.6)
|
96(17.4)
| |
|
Supervisor Support
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.462
|
|
Somewhat/Strongly Agree
|
524(81.4)
|
120(18.6)
| |
|
Somewhat/Strongly Disagree
|
56(77.8)
|
16(22.2)
| |
|
Coworker Support
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.738
|
|
Somewhat/Strongly Agree
|
569(80.9)
|
134(19.1)
| |
|
Somewhat/Strongly Disagree
|
11(84.6)
|
2(15.4)
| |
|
Parity Status
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.002
|
|
Multiparous
|
294(76.8)
|
89(23.2)
| |
|
Primiparous
|
286(85.9)
|
47(14.1)
| |
|
Had Prenatal Moods
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.886
|
|
Yes
|
269(80.8)
|
64(19.2)
| |
|
No
|
311(81.2)
|
72(18.8)
| |
|
Smoked Prenatally
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
Yes
|
58(59.8)
|
39(40.2)
| |
|
No
|
522(84.3)
|
97(15.7)
| |
|
Delivery Hospital
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.974
|
|
St. John
|
262(81.4)
|
60(18.6)
| |
|
North Memorial
|
231(80.8)
|
55(19.2)
| |
|
St. Joseph
|
87(80.6)
|
21(19.4)
| |
|
Breastfeeding by Family and Friends
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
Yes
|
519(85.5)
|
88(14.5)
| |
|
No
|
61(56.0)
|
48(44.0)
| |
|
Had Breastfeeding Problems
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
<0.001
|
|
Yes
|
19(50.0)
|
19(50.0)
| |
|
No
|
561(82.7)
|
117(17.3)
| |
|
Pre-pregnancy health
| | | |
|
N (%)
| | |
0.469
|
|
Fair/Poor
|
13(72.2)
|
5(27.8)
| |
|
Good
|
112(78.9)
|
30(21.1)
| |
|
Very Good
|
250(80.4)
|
61(19.6)
| |
|
Excellent
|
205(83.7)
|
40(16.3)
| |
-
Note. P-values are presented for chi-square statistics and t-tests; alpha <0.05 was used
