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Table 3 Exploratory factor analysis of the belief items - final rotated factor solution (n = 151)

From: Development of a scale to evaluate midwives’ beliefs about assessing alcohol use during pregnancy

 

Factor

Item (n = 30)

Discomfort

Capacity

Effectiveness

Role

Trust

Knowledge

1. Will cause anxiety and guilt among women who have consumed alcohol during pregnancy

.802

-.106

    

2. Asking pregnant women about whether they have consumed alcohol during pregnancy can make them feel uncomfortable

.780

     

3. Pregnant women don’t like to be asked about whether they have consumed alcohol during pregnancy

.732

-.144

    

4. Will distress or anger pregnant women

.721

 

.177

   

5. Will lead to some women feeling judged

.710

.176

.190

-.140

-.147

 

6. Could make women fear losing custody of their child

.633

   

-.163

 

7. Asking pregnant women whether they have consumed alcohol during pregnancy could appear judgemental

.592

   

.268

 

8. Will threaten my relationship with pregnant women

.527

.205

   

.147

9. I don’t like asking pregnant women to describe their behaviours which may have harmed their child

.506

247

-.114

 

.149

.100

10. I have doubts about whether I am doing the right thing when pregnant women who have only consumed small amounts of alcohol experience guilt after discussing their alcohol consumption

.464

  

.236

.170

 

11. Will uncover complex problems that are difficult for us to address as midwives

.423

 

-.241

   

12. When I discuss the effects on the fetus and child of alcohol consumption during pregnancy I know what to say (R)

 

.935

 

-.105

  

13. I have sufficient referral resources to adequately address alcohol use problems once identified (R)

-.102

.704

.157

-.158

  

14. I have a good understanding of the evidence for the recommendation of no alcohol in pregnancy (R)

 

.593

 

.291

 

-.126

15. I always know what to say when I ask pregnant women about whether they have consumed alcohol during pregnancy (R)

 

.444

-.138

.221

.254

 

16. I know exactly what I need to do to ask pregnant women about whether they have consumed alcohol during pregnancy (R)

 

.403

.219

.152

.148

-.100

17. Improves women’s awareness of the importance of not consuming alcohol during pregnancy (R)

  

.671

-.151

.103

 

18. Will identify women who need support to stop consuming alcohol during pregnancy (R)

  

.660

   

19. Is necessary for me to provide appropriate advice and support (R)

  

.630

   

20. Will enable changes in behaviour and improved health outcomes for the mother and child (R)

  

.598

.233

  

21. Brief intervention (assessment, feedback, counselling and referral to a specialist if necessary) to decrease alcohol exposure in pregnancy is effective (R)

 

.278

.480

   

22. Documentation of any amount of alcohol exposure in pregnancy is important (R)

-.107

  

.976

  

23. Identifying all women who drink any amount of alcohol during pregnancy is good practice (R)

   

.751

  

24. Identifying all women who drink alcohol during pregnancy can help to improve health outcomes (R)

 

.178

.159

.503

-.174

.128

25. I don’t have sufficient time to ask every pregnant woman about whether they have consumed alcohol during pregnancy

.131

-.250

 

.447

.198

 

26. I am uncomfortable asking pregnant women about their alcohol consumption before establishing a relationship of trust with them

 

-.141

.207

-.122

.811

 

27. I am uncomfortable asking pregnant women about their alcohol consumption when it is the first time I have met them

-.131

   

.726

 

28. I am uncomfortable asking pregnant women about their alcohol consumption as I may have a responsibility to notify the Department of Child Protection

 

.229

-.124

 

.521

 

29. Most pregnant women already have good knowledge about alcohol consumption in pregnancy

-.124

    

.869

30. Most pregnant women know not to drink alcohol during pregnancy

     

.822

  1. (R) Scoring reversed for positively worded items
  2. Loadings ≥ 0.4 are presented in bold
  3. Loadings < 0.1 not shown