Table 1 Characteristics of the sample
From: Predictors of breastfeeding initiation in Hong Kong and Mainland China born mothers
| Â | All subjects | Hong Kong Chinese born | Mainland China born women | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 2761) | (N = 1757) | (N =1004) | ||
Initiated breastfeeding | Â | Â | Â | 0.623 |
 Yes | 2225 (80.6) | 1411 (80.3) | 814 (81.1) |  |
 No | 536 (19.4) | 346 (19.7) | 190 (18.9) |  |
Maternal age (years) | Â | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 18–24 | 265 (9.6) | 159 (9.1) | 106 (10.6) |  |
 25–29 | 712 (25.8) | 419 (23.9) | 293 (29.2) |  |
 30–34 | 1028 (37.2) | 697 (39.7) | 331 (33.0) |  |
 ≥35 | 756 (27.4) | 482 (27.4) | 274 (27.3) |  |
Parity | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Primiparous | 1470 (53.2) | 1043 (59.4) | 427 (42.5) |  |
 Multiparous | 1291 (46.8) | 714 (40.6) | 577 (57.5) |  |
Maternal education | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Compulsory secondary or belowa | 1662 (60.2) | 949 (54.0) | 713 (71.0) |  |
 Upper secondary | 486 (17.6) | 323 (18.4) | 163 (16.2) |  |
 University degree or above | 613 (22.2) | 485 (27.6) | 128 (12.8) |  |
Monthly family income (HKD)b | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 <$15,000 | 692 (25.1) | 269 (15.3) | 423 (42.1) |  |
 $15,000–$29,999 | 1159 (42.0) | 757 (43.1) | 402 (40.0) |  |
 ≥$30,000 | 910 (33.0) | 731 (41.6) | 179 (17.8) |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | 0.107 |
 Unmarried | 161 (5.8) | 112 (6.4) | 49 (4.9) |  |
 Married | 2600 (94.2) | 1645 (93.6) | 955(95.1) |  |
Work full-time during pregnancy | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 795 (28.8) | 331 (18.8) | 464 (46.2) |  |
 Yes | 1966 (71.2) | 1426 (81.2) | 540 (53.8) |  |
Work full-time post-partum | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 1167 (42.3) | 543 (30.9) | 624 (62.2) |  |
 Yes | 1594 (57.7) | 1214 (69.1) | 380 (37.9) |  |
Maternal smoking | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 No | 2667 (96.6) | 1679 (95.6) | 988 (98.4) |  |
 Yes | 94 (3.4) | 78 (4.4) | 16 (1.6) |  |
Paternal smoking | Â | Â | Â | 0.085 |
 No | 1852 (67.1) | 1199 (68.2) | 653 (65.0) |  |
 Yes | 909 (32.9) | 558 (31.8) | 351 (35.0) |  |
Pre-pregnancy health problem | Â | Â | Â | 0.979 |
 No | 2525 (91.5) | 1607 (91.5) | 918 (91.4) |  |
 Yes | 236 (8.6) | 150 (8.5) | 86 (8.6) |  |
Pregnancy-related health problem | Â | Â | Â | 0.817 |
 No | 2387 (86.5) | 1521 (86.6) | 866 (86.3) |  |
 Yes | 374 (13.6) | 236 (13.4) | 138 (13.8) |  |
Delivery type | Â | Â | Â | 0.122 |
 Spontaneous vaginal | 1902 (68.9) | 1187 (67.6) | 715 (71.2) |  |
 Assisted vaginal | 139 (5.0) | 96 (5.5) | 43 (4.3) |  |
 Planned cesarean | 365 (13.2) | 233 (13.3) | 132 (13.2) |  |
 Emergency cesarean | 355 (12.9) | 241 (13.7) | 114 (11.4) |  |
Preterm birth | Â | Â | Â | 0.904 |
 No | 2546 (92.2) | 1621 (92.3) | 925 (92.1) |  |
 Yes | 215 (7.8) | 136 (7.7) | 79 (7.9) |  |
Infant LBWc | Â | Â | Â | 0.011 |
 No | 2540 (92.0) | 1599 (91.0) | 941 (93.7) |  |
 Yes | 221 (8.0) | 158 (9.0) | 63 (6.3) |  |