Table 7 Prevalence of recorded observations of verbal abuse and lack of privacy from partitions during examination and any aggression and privacy violations during delivery among maternity care clients whose care was observed as part of the Heshima project at baseline (2011) and endline (2014) in 13 facilities in Kenya, n = 1,200*

% (n)

% (n)

OR (95 % CI)^a

p-value

 Non-consented care^b

60.7 (410)

80.8 (420)

3.43 (2.52 – 4.66)

< .0001

 Verbal abuse^c

18.1 (122)

14.0 (72)

0.77 (0.55 – 1.09)

0.136

 Lack of privacy^d

33.7 (227)

12.8 (66)

0.26 (0.19 – 0.36)

<.0001

 Physical aggression

3.8 (24)

0.4 (2)

0.11 (0.03 – 0.48)

0.003

 Verbal aggression

10.8 (68)

7.1 (33)

0.68 (0.44 – 1.06)

0.091

 Lack of privacy^e

91.6 (581)

79.3 (368)

0.31 (0.20 – 0.48)

< .0001

 Shared bed

32.9 (210)

44.3 (198)

1.74 (1.33 – 2.28)

< .0001