Table 4 Prevalence of reported disrespect and abuse during labor and delivery of maternity patients participating in baseline (2012) and endline (2014) surveys of the Heshima project in 13 facilities in Kenya, N = 1,369

% (n)

% (n)

OR (95 % CI)^a

p-value^b

Feeling humiliated or disrespected

20.1 (129)

13.2 (96)

0.58 (0.43 – 0.79)

0.0004

Physical abuse

4.2 (27)

2.1 (15)

0.47 (0.25 – 0.90)

0.024

Privacy violated

7.4 (47)

5.7 (41)

0.69 (0.44 – 1.08)

0.101

Confidentiality violated^c

3.9 (25)

1.8 (13)

0.45 (0.23 – 0.89)

0.021

Verbal abuse

18.0 (115)

11.3 (82)

0.58 (0.42 – 0.80)

0.001

Detention

8.0 (51)

0.8 (6)

0.09 (0.04 – 0.22)

< .0001

Abandonment

12.7 (81)

16.9 (122)

1.28 (0.93 – 1.76)

0.124