Table 2 Labour and birth outcomes for all women who had a singleton pregnancy

‡Labour

  Spontaneous onset

977

50.1

813

30.6

305

24.7

p < 0.001

  Induction

373

19.1

736

27.7

321

26.0

p < 0.001

Augmentation

485

24.9

614

23.1

204

16.6

p < 0.001

†Analgesia & 1 ^st stage

  None

642

32.9

386

14.5

118

9.6

  Epidural 1st stage

542

27.8

913

34.4

464

37.6

  Narcotic

144

7.4

316

11.9

44

3.5

  Nitrous O2

427

21.9

481

18.1

158

12.8

Other

58

3.0

32

1.2

16

1.3

p < 0.001

Mode of birth

  Unassisted vaginal

1331

68.3

1304

49.1

450

36.5

  Instrumental birth

283

14.5

475

17.9

203

16.5

  C/S with labour

224

11.5

401

15.1

179

14.5

Elective C/S (No labour)

112

5.7

475

17.9

401

32.5

p < 0.001

Perineal status (excl. elective CS)

Intact following vaginal birth

462

25.0

669

30.1

295

34.3

Grazes

167

9.0

142

6.4

29

3.4

Episiotomy only

229

12.4

413

18.6

216

25.1

1^st &2^nd degree tear

918

49.6

895

40.2

301

35.0

3rd &4^th degree tear

52

2.8

61

2.7

7

0.8

Episiotomy & 3/4^th degree tear

23

1.2

44

2.0

12

1.4

p < 0.001

Infant outcomes

Apgar score at 5 min

  7-10

1909

97.9

2565

96.6

1205

97.8

<7

41

2.1

90

3.4

28

2.3

p = 0.02

Admission NICU/SCN

  No

1,785

91.6

2,254

84.9

1076

87.3

  Yes

165

8.4

401

15.1

157

12.7

p < 0.001

Outcome #

  Live/survived

1937

99.60

2608

98.27

1218

98.94

  Live/neonatal death

1

0.05

21

0.79

4

0.32

  Stillbirth

7

0.36

25

0.94

9

0.73

p = 0.001