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Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted relationship of covariables to fasting behaviour (Odds compared to non-fasters)

From: Experiences and outcomes of maternal Ramadan fasting during pregnancy: results from a sub-cohort of the Born in Bradford birth cohort study

 

Unadjusted results*

Adjusted results

 

Odds Ratio

95% CI

p-value

Odds Ratio

95% CI

p-value

Mothers age

0.95

0.90-0.99

0.02

0.87

0.80-0.94

<0.01

Ethnic group

      

Pakistani

1 (ref)

  

1 (ref)

  

Indian

0.61

0.15-2.39

0.47

1.89

0.38-9.47

0.44

Bangladeshi

3.18

0.96-10.57

0.06

3.77

1.04-13.65

0.04

Other South Asian

-

-

    

Booking BMI category

      

Underweight

1.86

0.64-5.39

0.26

1.89

0.62-5.79

0.27

Normal

1

  

1

  

Overweight

1.26

0.68-2.30

0.41

1.41

0.71-2.81

0.33

Obese

2.44

1.31-4.57

0.03

2.78

1.29-5.97

<0.01

Parity

      

0

1

  

1

  

1

1.78

0.96-3.30

0.06

2.09

0.98-4.45

0.06

2

1.77

0.88-3.56

0.11

3.69

1.38-9.86

<0.01

3+

1.95

1.02-3.71

0.04

3.99

1.39-11.49

0.01

Migration status

      

Born in the UK or moved < 5 years

1

  

1

  

Moved to UK >5 years

1.59

1.00-2.51

0.05

1.37

0.73-2.58

0.33

Maternal employment

      

Currently working

1

  

1

  

Ever worked

1.20

0.61-2.36

0.60

0.80

0.33-1.93

0.62

Never worked

1.54

1.11-3.51

0.02

1.12

0.50-2.51

0.79

Mothers education

      

<5 GCSE equivalent

1

1

  

1

 

5 GCSE equivalent

0.71

0.38-1.34

0.47

0.63

0.30-1.35

0.23

A-level equivalent

0.64

0.31-1.33

0.42

0.70

0.28-1.76

0.45

Higher than A-level

0.35

0.18-0.67

<0.01

0.40

0.18-0.91

0.03

Other

0.33

0.06-1.81

0.23

0.77

0.11-5.34

0.79

Mother in consanguineous relationship

      

No

 

1

 

1

1

 

Yes

1.89

1.19-3.02

<0.01

1.37

0.77-2.51

0.28

  1. *marital status, living in extended family, gestational diabetes and pregnancy induced hypertension were examined but were not found to be associated with fasting in univariate analyses.