Table 3 Most common risk factor indications for newborn drug testing
From: Retrospective analysis of the diagnostic yield of newborn drug testing
Results of meconium testing | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Group A | Group B | Group C | Group D | |
No drug(s) or metabolite(s) detected1(n = 1,916) | All findings explained by prescribed medication(s) (n = 283) | Non-medical drug use detected2(n = 229) | Unexplained drug(s) or metabolite(s) detected (n = 69) | |
History of maternal non-medical drug use 2 | ||||
Unexplained positive drug screen during pregnancy | 1.5% | 3.2% | 14.0%*** | 2.9% |
Maternal self-report of prior non-medical drug use | 4.5% | 4.9% | 27.1%*** | 1.4% |
Non-medical drug use in previous pregnancy | 0.5% | 0.4% | 3.1%** | 0.0% |
Previous infant exposure to non-medical drug use | 1.0% | 0.0% | 0.9% | 0.0% |
Documented prior history of non-medical drug use | 16.0% | 15.5% | 52.4%*** | 17.4% |
Tobacco use during current pregnancy | 33.0% | 24.0% | 51.1%*** | 36.2% |
Inadequate Prenatal care | ||||
Poor (≤4 visits) or late (after week 16) prenatal care | 16.5% | 5.7% | 22.7%** | 7.2% |
Maternal/Family Social risk factors | ||||
History of domestic violence by partner | 4.5% | 2.8% | 6.6% | 4.5% |
History of child abuse/protective services involvement | 4.0% | 3.9% | 5.2% | 2.9% |
Incarceration | 2.0% | 3.5% | 6.6%* | 1.4% |
Total maternal non-medical drug use excluding tobacco | 20.0% | 20.5% | 68.6%*** | 24.6% |
Total maternal non-medical drug use including tobacco | 43.5% | 37.5% | 90.8%*** | 50.7% |
Total including prenatal care and social risk factors | 59.0% | 42.8% | 96.9%*** | 56.5% |
Untreated maternal psychiatric illness 3 | 22.5% | 21.9% | 20.5% | 20.3% |
Unexplained prematurity | 26.5% | 57.6% | 22.3% | 46.4% |
Cases screened solely due to two factors above | 30.5% | 37.1% | 1.7%*** | 26.1% |
Other factors | ||||
Unexplained placental abruption | 1.0% | 3.9% | 0.9% | 2.9% |
Unexplained maternal HBV, HCV, or HIV infection 4 | 0.5% | 1.8% | 3.5%* | 1.4% |
Unexplained infant seizures, stroke, brain infarction | 0.5% | 3.9% | 0.4% | 2.9% |
Congenital malformations in newborn | 5.5% | 14.5% | 1.3% | 7.2% |
Maternal age < 18 years old | 3.7% | 3.8% | 0.8% | 2.8% |