From: Case–control study of risk factors for infectious mastitis in Spanish breastfeeding women
Variables | Case, n* (%) | Control, n* (%) | OR | 95% CI | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blood type | |||||
A | 158 (44.13) | 74 (52.11) | Reference | 0.369 | |
B | 28 (7.82) | 12 (8.45) | 1.09 | 0.53–2.27 | |
AB | 19 (5.31) | 5 (3.52) | 1.78 | 0.64–4.95 | |
O | 153 (42.74) | 51 (35.92) | 1.41 | 0.92–2.14 | |
Rh factor | |||||
Positive | 275 (78.13) | 121 (85.82) | Reference | 0.052 | |
Negative | 77 (21.88) | 20 (14.18) | 1.69 | 0.99–2.90 | |
Mastitis in the family | |||||
No | 191 (62.01) | 120 (83.92) | Reference | < 0.001 | |
Yes | 117 (37.99) | 23 (16.08) | 3.20 | 1.93–5.28 | |
Mastitis in previous breastfeedings** | |||||
No | 53 (48.62) | 54 (87.10) | Reference | < 0.001 | |
Yes | 56 (51.38) | 8 (12.90) | 7.13 | 3.10–16.39 | |
Breast cancer in the family | |||||
No | 265 (74.44) | 99 (68.28) | Reference | 0.161 | |
Yes | 91 (25.56) | 46 (31.72) | 0.74 | 0.48–1.13 | |
Breast surgery | |||||
No | 341 (94.99) | 141 (97.24) | Reference | 0.378 | |
Yes | 18 (5.01) | 4 (2.76) | 1.86 | 0.62–5.60 | |
Gastrointestinal disease | |||||
No | 267 (74.17) | 113 (76.87) | Reference | 0.524 | |
Yes | 93 (25.83) | 34 (23.13) | 1.16 | 0.74–1.82 | |
Urinary infection | |||||
No | 286 (78.36) | 128 (86.49) | Reference | 0.035 | |
Yes | 79 (21.64) | 20 (13.51) | 1.77 | 1.04–3.01 | |
Vaginal candidiasis | |||||
No | 279 (76.23) | 127 (85.81) | Reference | 0.016 | |
Yes | 87 (23.77) | 21 (14.19) | 1.89 | 1.12–3.17 | |
Eye infection | |||||
No | 335 (91.78) | 139 (93.92) | Reference | 0.408 | |
Yes | 30 (8.22) | 9 (6.08) | 1.38 | 0.64–2.99 | |
Ear infection | |||||
No | 350 (95.89) | 145 (97.97) | Reference | 0.370 | |
Yes | 15 (4.11) | 3 (2.03) | 2.07 | 0.59–7.26 | |
Lip or nose infection | |||||
No | 285 (77.87) | 125 (84.46) | Reference | 0.092 | |
Yes | 81 (22.13) | 23 (15.54) | 1.54 | 0.93–2.57 | |
Throat infection | |||||
No | 258 (70.88) | 126 (85.71) | Reference | < 0.001 | |
Yes | 106 (29.12) | 21 (14.29) | 2.47 | 1.47–4.12 | |
Skin infection | |||||
No | 301 (82.47) | 137 (92.57) | Reference | 0.003 | |
Yes | 64 (17.53) | 11 (7.43) | 2.65 | 1.35–5.18 | |
Allergies | |||||
No | 250 (68.31) | 106 (71.62) | Reference | 0.461 | |
Yes | 116 (31.69) | 42 (28.38) | 1.17 | 0.77–1.78 | |
Autoimmune disease | |||||
No | 352 (96.17) | 146 (98.65) | Reference | 0.237 | |
Yes | 14 (3.83) | 2 (1.35) | 2.90 | 0.65–12.94 | |
Asthma | |||||
No | 347 (94.81) | 140 (94.59) | Reference | 0.922 | |
Yes | 19 (5.19) | 8 (5.41) | 0.96 | 0.41–2.24 | |
Anemia | |||||
No | 305 (83.33) | 135 (91.84) | Reference | 0.013 | |
Yes | 61 (16.67) | 12 (8.16) | 2.25 | 1.17–4.32 | |
Gestational diabetes | |||||
No | 342 (93.96) | 139 (93.92) | Reference | 0.987 | |
Yes | 22 (6.04) | 9 (6.08) | 0.99 | 0.45–2.21 | |
Thyroid disease | |||||
No | 335 (91.78) | 133 (89.86) | Reference | 0.487 | |
Yes | 30 (8.22) | 15 (10.14) | 0.79 | 0.41–1.52 | |
Smoker | |||||
No | 291 (80.17) | 116 (78.38) | Reference | 0.649 | |
Yes | 72 (19.83) | 32 (21.62) | 0.90 | 0.56–1.43 | |
Social drinker | |||||
No | 195 (54.17) | 84 (57.14) | Reference | 0.541 | |
Yes | 165 (45.83) | 63 (42.86) | 1.13 | 0.77–1.66 |