Table 2 Unadjusted odds ratios for determinants of health facility delivery among women in Kenya 1
Exposure variable | OR2(95% CI) | P value3 | Exposure variable | OR2(95% CI) | P value3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-cultural factors | Â | Â | Perceived benefit/need | Â | Â |
Maternal age | Â | Â | No. of ANC2visits | Â | Â |
≤20 years | 1.00 | <0.001* | ≤1 visits | 1.00 | <0.001* |
21 – 34 years | 0.92 (0.69 – 1.22) | 2 visits | 2.68 (1.75 – 4.10) | ||
≥35 years | 0.58 (0.41 – 0.81) | 3 visits | 4.05 (2.82 – 5.83) | ||
Marital status |  | ≥ 4 visits | 8.38 (6.01 – 11.7) | ||
Married | 1.00 | <0.001 | Birth order | Â | Â |
Never Married | 1.01 (0.75 – 1.37) | 1st delivery | 1.00 | <0.001* | |
Living together | 1.10 (0.77 – 1.58) | 2nd delivery | 0.53 (0.40 – 0.71) | ||
Widowed | 0.56 (0.48 – 0.82) | 3rd delivery | 0.30 (0.23 – 0.39) | ||
Divorced | 0.85 (0.36 – 2.03) | ≥4th delivery | 0.18 (0.13 – 0.26) | ||
Separated | 1.23 (0.80 – 1.89) | Prenatal healthcare provider |  | ||
Ethnic group | Â | Â | Nurse | 1.00 | <0.001 |
Luhya | 1.00 | <0.001 | Doctor | 1.42 (1.05 – 1.91) |  |
Kalenjin | 1.05 (0.57 – 1.91) | TBA3 | 0.22 (0.10 – 0.48) |  | |
Kamba | 1.34 (0.84 – 2.13) | No ANC | 0.13 (0.07 – 0.24) |  | |
Kikuyu | 6.03 (3.45 – 10.52) | Health facility of ANC 2 |  | ||
Kisii | 1.80 (1.16 – 2.80) | Govt hospital | 1.00 | <0.001 | |
Luo | 1.84 (1.25 – 2.72) | None | 0.08 (0.04 – 0.14) | ||
Meru | 5.19 (2.19 – 12.3) | Health centre | 0.53 (0.39 – 0.72) | ||
Mijikenda/Swahili | 1.30 (0.78 – 2.16) | Dispensary | 0.34 (0.24 – 0.48) | ||
Somali | 0.89 (0.45 – 1.79) | Private facility | 2.15 (1.34 – 3.44) | ||
Other tribes | 0.97 (0.52 – 1.81) | Faith-based | 0.82 (0.46 – 1.45) | ||
Religion |  |  | Other | 0.09 (0.03 – 0.29) |  |
Protestant/ Christian | 1.00 | <0.001 | Physical accessibility | Â | |
Roman Catholic | 1.01 (0.78 – 1.31) | Region |  |  | |
Muslim | 0.70 (0.43 – 1.14) | Nyanza | 1.00 |  | |
No religion | 0.20 (0.09 – 0.47) | Nairobi | 10.7 (5.35 – 21.3) | <0.001 | |
Other | 4.56 (0.88 – 23.6) | Central | 3.25 (2.10 – 5.01) |  | |
Household size | 0.42 (0.32 – 0.53) | <0.001 | Coast | 1.08 (0.73 – 1.59) |  |
Presence of co-wife |  | Eastern | 1.10 (0.72 – 1.68) |  | |
No | 1.00 |  | Rift Valley | 0.57 (0.37 – 0.87) |  |
Yes | 0.41 (0.30 – 0.55) | <0.001 | Western | 0.46 (0.31 – 0.69) |  |
Relationship to household head |  | North Eastern | 0.25 (0.13 – 0.49) |  | |
Head | 1.00 | Â | Residence | Â | Â |
Wife | 1.15 (0.93 – 1.421) | 0.001 | Rural | 1.00 |  |
Other | 1.38 (1.08 – 1.76) | Urban | 4.86 (3.39 – 7.07) | <0.001 | |
Maternal education | Â | Distance from health facility | Â | ||
None | 1.00 | Â | <2 | 1.00 | Â |
Primary | 3.30 (2.10 – 5.19) | <0.001* | 2 – 5 Km | 0.50 (0.46 – 0.68) | <0.001* |
Secondary | 11.08 (6.63 – 18.5) | >5 Km | 0.21 (0.13 – 0.35) |  | |
Higher | 42.0 (18.2 – 96.8) | Economic accessibility |  | ||
| Â | Â | Â | Wealth index | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Poorest | 1.00 | Â |
|  |  |  | Poor | 2.05 (1.44 – 2.91) | <0.001* |
|  |  |  | Middle | 3.55 (2.57 – 4.90) |  |
|  |  |  | Richer | 5.30 (3.61 – 7.78) |  |
|  |  |  | Richest | 18.3 (11.5 – 29.2) |  |
| Â | Â | Â | Insurance | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | No | 1.00 | Â |
|  |  |  | Yes | 9.78 (6.47 – 14.79) | <0.001 |