The association of unwanted pregnancy and social support with depressive symptoms in pregnancy: evidence from rural Southwestern Ethiopia

Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of women’s experience of maternal depressive symptoms by pregnancy intention, social support and other characteristics, Southwestern Ethiopia, 2012

Variables	Depressed mood, OR (95% CI)
	Unadjusted OR	Adjusted¹OR
	(95% CI)	(95% CI)
Pregnancy intention
Wanted (reference)	1.00	1.00
Mistimed	1.33(0.84-2.10)	0.97(0.56-1.66)
Unwanted	2.76(1.61-4.70)***	1.96(1.04 -3.69)*
Social support
Low (reference)	1.00	1.00
Medium	0.17(0.10-.31)***	0.27 (0.14-0.53)***
High	0.14(0.07-.25)***	0.23(0.11-0.47)***
Educational status
No education (reference)	1.00	1.00
Primary	0.46(0.26-.79)*	0.56(0.30-1.05)
Secondary & above	1.10(0.46-2.66)	1.83(0.64-5.27)
Wealth tertile
Lower (reference)	1.00	1.00
Middle	1.16 (0.73-1.85)	1.43 (0.82-2.51)
Upper	0.73(0.44-1.20)	0.88(0.48-1.62)
Occupation
Housewife (reference)	1.00	1.00
Farmer	4.54(2.80-7.37)**	3.43(1.95-6.05)**
Employed/family business	2.09(1.06-4.14)*	2.50(1.13-5.56)*
Perceived work burden in pregnancy
Too difficult (reference)	1.00	1.00
Moderate	0.56(0.34-.92)*	0.72(0.41-1.26)
Easy	0.49(0.30-.81)**	0.68(0.38-1.19)
Food insecurity	6.79(4.31-10.72)***	4.60(2.75-7.70)***
History of miscarriage or stillbirth	2.62 (1.47-4.67)**	1.27(0.62-2.57)
Partner violence during pregnancy	3.75(1.42-8.92)**	3.41(1.18-9.10)**

¹Adjusted for education, wealth tertile, occupation, perceived work burden, food security status, history of miscarriage or still birth and partner physical violence during pregnancy.
*p < 0.05 **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

ISSN: 1471-2393