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Table 4 Adjusted odds ratio (OR) for poor self-rated health by the neighbourhood-level variables, individual social capital, socioeconomic and demographic variables and self-reported disease, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008-2009

From: The association of neighbourhood and individual social capital with consistent self-rated health: a longitudinal study in Brazilian pregnant and postpartum women

N = 685

Model 1 aOR (95% CI)

Model 2 bOR (95% CI)

Model 3 cOR (95% CI)

Model 4 dOR (95% CI)

Neighbourhood-level variables

    

Neighbourhood Social Capital

    

 High social capital (3rd tertil)

1

1

1

1

 Moderate social capital (2nd tertil)

1.35 (0.74, 2.49)

1.42 (0.76, 2.65)

1.48 (0.74, 3.00)

1.47 (0.73, 3.01)

 Low social capital (1st tertil)

1.94 (1.02, 3.88)*

2.10 (1.05, 4.24)**

1.97 (0.89, 4.39)

1.90 (0.85, 4.27)

Social class

    

 High% Social Class B

1

1

1

1

 Moderate% Social Class B

0.71 (0.38, 1.34)

0.59 (0.31, 1.15)

0.62 (0.30, 1.32)

0.68 (0.32, 1.44)

 Low% Social Class B

1.36 (0.76, 2.43)

1.16 (0.64, 2.11)

1.23 (0.62, 2.47)

1.39 (0.69, 2.84)

Individual-level variables

    

Individual Social Capital

    

Social support (per 10 units)

 

0.78 (0.73, 0.90)**

0.81(0.73, 0.90)***

0.82 (0.73, 0.90)***

 Social network

    

 No friends

 

1

1

1

 1 or more friends

 

0.51 (0.32, 0.80)**

0.60 (0.35, 0.98)*

0.61 (0.37, 0.99)*

Sociodemographic

    

Water plumbing supply

    

 Inside the house

  

1

1

 Outside the house

  

1.79 (1.02, 3.17)*

1.85 (1.05, 3.28)*

Family income

    

 ≥ 2 Minimal wages

  

1

_

 < 1 Minimal wage

  

1.12 (0.60, 2.14)

_

Number of children in family after pregnancy

    

 0-1 child

  

1

1

 2 or 3 children

  

3.17 (1.54, 6.55)**

3.23 (1.66, 6.31)***

 4 or more

  

3.15 (1.31, 7.57)**

3.39 (1.57, 7.31)***

Schooling

    

 ≥ 9 years of schooling

  

1

1

 0 to 8 years of schooling

  

2.01 (1.13, 3.61)**

2.06 (1.15, 3.71)**

Ethnicity

    

 White

  

1

1

 Brown

  

1.95 (1.03, 3.70)*

2.02 (1.07, 3.85)**

 Black

  

2.23 (1.12, 4.44)**

2.11 (1.19, 4.75)**

Age in years

    

 13-19

  

1

_

 20-30

  

0.84 (0.40, 1.77)

_

 31+

  

1.07 (0.46, 2.50)

_

Self-reported disease

    

Urinary infection

   

2.11 (1.28, 3.49)**

  1. *p ≤ 0.05. **p ≤ 0.01. ***p ≤ 0.001.
  2. a Contextual variables were adjusted for each other.
  3. b Contextual variables were adjusted for individual social capital (social networks and social support).
  4. c Contextual variables were adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic variables.
  5. d Contextual variables were adjusted for self-reported disease.