Table 3 Multivariable analysis of quality of life (global QLI)

Case (ref: control)

−0.73

−1.62–0.16

.108

0.17

−0.64–0.98

0.674

Age in 2008 (yr)

−0.00

−0.08–0.07

.925

−0.05

−0.12–0.01

.124

Primary, secondary, high school (ref: 1–5 year postsecondary education)

−0.94

−2.13–0.25

.122

>5 year postsecondary school (ref: 1–5 year postsecondary education)

0.82

−0.08–1.71

.075

Household income ≥750 000 NOK (ref: <750 000 NOK)

2.22

1.43–3.01

<.001

1.74

1.00–2.48

<.001

Overweight ≥25 (ref: BMI <25)

−1.10

−1.94–−0.27

.010

Daily smoker (ref: not daily smoker)

−1.42

−2.74–−0.10

.035

Alcohol consumption, more than once per week (ref: once a week or less)

0.42

−0.41–1.25

.323

Co-morbidity

−0.92

−1.25–−0.60

<.001

−0.66

−0.97–−0.35

<.001

Pain (ref: no pain)

−2.90

−3.99–−1.81

<.001

Sick leave two weeks or more (ref: <2 weeks)

−2.10

−3.07–−1.14

<.001

Often or always physically exhausted from work (ref: never/rarely)

−2.74

−3.62–−1.86

<.001

−0.79

−1.70–0.12

.087

Often or always mentally exhausted from work (ref: never/rarely)

−2.60

−3.37–−1.83

<.001

−1.45

−2.24–−0.65

<.001

Poor health (ref: good)

−5.61

−7.17–−4.05

<.001

−3.69

−5.33–−2.04

<.001

Miscarriage (ref: no miscarriage)

0.58

−0.275–1.434

.183

0.89

0.13–1.65

.022