Table 1 Characteristics of non-abused and abused women, and dimensions of abuse

Preterm delivery

6.1

6.6

Small for Gestational Age

8.3

8.2

Postpartum depression

6.4

15.8

Maternal Age

35+ years

18.5

10.2

20 to 34 years

79.5

78.8

<20 years

2.0

11.0

Single/divorced/separated/widowed

6.1

26.9

Foreign-born

25.6

11.9

Low income after-tax cut-off (LICO-AT)

Above

74.7

55.1

At or below

16.3

35.4

Missing

9.0

9.4

Diagnosed with depression or took antidepressant before pregnancy

14.2

25.9

Abuse items

Type of abuse*

Threats or potential hurting acts

87.3

Physical or sexual

53.8

Both combined

41.1

Frequency of abuse

Once

43.4

1 to 5

37.3

6 or more

19.3

Perpretrator of abuse*

Partner/husband/boyfriend

52.0

Family/friend/stranger/other

49.4

Both combined

1.4

Timing of abuse*

During pregnancy

30.4

Before and during pregnancy

15.6